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Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever. Presented by: Jamie McGee. The Hot Zone by Richard Preston.

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Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

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  1. Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Presented by: Jamie McGee

  2. The Hot Zone by Richard Preston • “The red spots on the skin grow and spread and merge to become huge, spontaneous bruises, and the skin goes soft and pulpy, and can tear off if it is touched with any kind of pressure. Your mouth bleeds...

  3. Ebola virus • RNA virus in filovirus family • 5 subtypes

  4. Ebola virus • RNA virus in filovirus family • 5 subtypes • Level 4 agent

  5. Ebola virus • Exact origins and “natural reservoir” are unknown

  6. Ebola virus • Exact origins and “natural reservoir” are unknown • Animal-borne (primates in Africa/Philippines; recently found in pigs)

  7. Ebola virus • Exact origins and “natural reservoir” are unknown • Animal-borne (primates in Africa/Philippines; recently found in pigs) • Humans infected through contact with infected animal

  8. Ebola was discovered in 1976

  9. Subsequent epidemics have beensmall but very deadly

  10. The symptoms of Ebola are nasty! • Fever, headache, joint/muscle ache, diarrhea, vomiting, rash, internal/external bleeding

  11. Ebola is highly virulent and works quickly!

  12. Ebola is only spread by direct contactwith blood/secretions or a contaminated object

  13. Viral life cycle

  14. What does Ebola do to the body? • Blood clots form

  15. What does Ebola do to the body? • Blood clots form • Hemorrhages (bleeding) develop

  16. What does Ebola do to the body? • Blood clots form • Hemorrhages (bleeding) develop • Virus kills a large amount of tissue

  17. What does Ebola do to the body? • Blood clots form • Hemorrhages (bleeding) develop • Virus kills a large amount of tissue • “Crashing out” (mechanism for spreading)

  18. But the virus isn’t necessarily “efficient” • Kills host too rapidly…little time or opportunity to transmit itself to other hosts successfully

  19. Ebola and the immune system interact in an interesting and mysterious way • Unsure why some recover and others do not

  20. There is currently no effective treatment…but see hope in “antisense PMOs”!

  21. Many ideas for possible vaccines…

  22. Many ideas for possible vaccines… …but few have turned out to be effective

  23. …but is it worth it? • Challenge—no clinical trials on humans • Poor animal models • Virus burns itself out anyway • $$$

  24. So…why do we care? • Viral mutations…evolution…airborne? • Implications for developing world • Bioterrorism • We are unprepared!

  25. Sources http://www.who.int/csr/don/archive/disease/ebola_haemorrhagic_fever/en/index.html http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/ebola/epi.html http://www.nature.com/nrd/journal/v5/n2/full/nrd1969.html http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/ebola/ebolatable.htm http://www.bepast.org/dataman.pl?c=lib&dir=docs/photos/Ebola http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/Fact_Sheets/Ebola_Fact_Booklet.pdf http://www.microbiologytext.com/index.php?module=Book&func=displayarticle&art_id=493 http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Immunology/Students/Spring2003/Austin/Immune-2.html

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