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Notes on Chordate Animals

Non-Vertebrate Chordates and Vertebrate Chordates. Notes on Chordate Animals. What is a Chordate?. A chordate is defined by having the four following characteristics. Characteristics of Chordates.

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Notes on Chordate Animals

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  1. Non-Vertebrate Chordates and Vertebrate Chordates Notes on Chordate Animals

  2. What is a Chordate? • A chordate is defined by having the four following characteristics.

  3. Characteristics of Chordates 1) Dorsal Nerve Cord – runs along the dorsal part of the body, nerves branch from this cord connecting to all parts of the body.

  4. Characteristics of Chordates 2) Notochord- supporting rod that runs through the body, just below the nerve chord. *Most only have this when they are embryos.

  5. Characteristics of Chordates 3) Pharyngeal Gill Slits – paired structures in the throat pharynx region. This will develop into the respiratory structures.

  6. Characteristics of Chordates 4) Postanal Tail – all chordates have a tail that extends beyond the anus.

  7. What is the difference between Chordates and Vertebrates? Chordates Vertebrates • Chordates have all four characteristics. • Not all chordates have a backbone (vertebrate), but do have a notochord at some point during development. • So, not all chordates are vertebrates. • Vertebrates have all four chordate characteristics. • All vertebrates are chordates.

  8. Chordates Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Non-Vertebrate Chordates Vertebrates Anything with a backbone, like fish, humans and birds. Lancelet Tunicates

  9. There are eight categories of chordate animals, they include: • Non-vertebrate chordates Fishes: 2) Jawless Fish 3) Cartilaginous Fish 4) Boney Fish • Amphibians • Reptiles • Birds • Mammals

  10. Non-Vertebrate Chordates • Respiration: Gills • Heart Chambers: No True Heart • Excretion: Gills • Movement: Muscles, no bones • Reproduction: External • Temperature Control: Ectothermic • Examples: lancelets and tunicates

  11. Fishes: Jawless Fish, Cartilaginous Fish and Boney Fish • Respiration: Gills • Heart Chambers: 2 Chambers • Excretion: Kidneys and gills • Movement: Limbs and muscles • Reproduction: External • Temperature Control: Ectothermic • Examples: Hagfish, Sharks and Bass

  12. Amphibians • Respiration: Young – Gills and Adults - Lungs • Heart Chambers: 3 chambers • Excretion: Kidneys • Movement: Limbs and Muscles • Reproduction: External • Temperature Control: Ectothermic • Examples: Frogs, Salamanders and Caecilians

  13. Reptiles • Respiration: Lungs • Heart Chambers: Most have 3 Chambers but Alligators and Crocodiles have 4 Chambers • Excretion: Kidneys • Movement: Limbs and Muscles • Reproduction: Internal Fertilization and Development in a hard shell • Temperature Control: Ectothermic • Examples: Turtles, Lizards and Snakes

  14. Birds • Respiration: Lungs • Heart Chambers: 4 Chambers • Excretion: Kidneys • Movement: Limbs and Muscles • Reproduction: Internal Fertilization and Development in a hard shell • Temperature Control: Endothermic • Examples: Parrots, Ostriches and Penguins

  15. Mammals • Respiration: Lungs • Heart Chambers: 4 Chambers • Excretion: Kidneys • Movement: Limbs and Muscles • Reproduction: Internal Fertilization and Development • Temperature Control: Endothermic • Examples: Whales, Bats, Cows and Apes

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