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Egypt

Nile River World’s longest river Flows North 4, 187 miles Branches into 2 rivers: Blue Nile & White Nile. Egypt . 99 percent of Egyptians live in the Nile delta or valley Fellaheen , Egyptian peasants, grow crops without modern machinery Major cities: Cairo & Alexandria. Egypt’s people.

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Egypt

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  1. Nile River • World’s longest river • Flows North 4, 187 miles • Branches into 2 rivers: Blue Nile & White Nile Egypt

  2. 99 percent of Egyptians live in the Nile delta or valley Fellaheen, Egyptian peasants, grow crops without modern machinery Major cities: Cairo & Alexandria Egypt’s people Fellaheen Drawing Water—Gerome, Jean-Leon

  3. Civilization arose over 5,000 years ago Arabic is official language & Islam official religion (80 percent Muslim today) Pyramids of Giza Ruled by Greeks, Romans, Arabs Ancient Egypt

  4. Important for trade & transportation • Fight for control • 1956: Egypt seized canal—International crisis • Israel, Britain, France invaded • U.S. & Soviets supported UN cease fire • Britain withdrew in 1957—1st time Egypt ruled by Egyptians! • Egypt & Israel fought—peace in 1979 Suez Canal

  5. Nile would flood every year Project to store floodwater in reservoir: Lake Nasser Water used to irrigate year round & for hydroelectricity completed in 1970 Aswan High dam

  6. Population growth & urbanization are • straining the economy • outstripping food supply • Industrial growth limited by lack of skilled workers & capital (money invested in building & supporting new industries) urbanization

  7. Maghreb is “land farthest west” Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Western Sahara Majority of people are Arabic-speaking Muslims Historically controlled by France & Italy Libya and the maghreb

  8. Mediterranean climate on coast Desert (Sahara) inland Travel was difficult & people on the coast found it easier to have contact with other countries than the interior regions of their own countries landscape

  9. Rural (farmers): • Live in houses of mud or stone • Water must be carried from the well • Work all day with 3 hr. break during mid-day (hot!) • Urban: • Over half of the population lives in cities • Medinas—older Arab sections of the cities • Souks—markets • New oil wealth Rural vs. urban

  10. Libya • Oil is 99 percent of exports used to modernize the country • Algeria • Oil & natural gas have raised standard of living • Tunisia & Morocco • Lack oil • Spend a lot of money on education North Africa today

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