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The Principles of Design

The Principles of Design. Unity Variety Repetition Rhythm Balance Emphasis/Focal Point Proportion/Scale. Composition: The organization of elements in a work, aka, the design. Unifying Elements. Unity: The sense of oneness, of things belonging together and making up a coherent whole .

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The Principles of Design

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  1. The Principles of Design Unity Variety Repetition Rhythm Balance Emphasis/Focal Point Proportion/Scale Composition: The organization of elements in a work, aka, the design.

  2. Unifying Elements Unity: The sense of oneness, of things belonging together and making up a coherent whole. Variety: Differences that provide interest and contrast. Ben Jones, Black Face and Arm Unit, 1971.

  3. Balance: Visual Weight Symmetrical Balance: Mirror image of Shapes/Forms on either side of an imaginary axial dividing line. Elements correspond to one another in size, shape, and placement.

  4. Relieved Symmetry: orApproximate Symmetry: Slight differences between axial areas of a work. Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas,1939.

  5. Asymmetrical Balance: Two sides that do not correspond to one another in size, shape, and placement.

  6. Sakai Hoitsu, late 18th-early 19th century.

  7. Emphasis and Subordination Emphasis: The viewer’s attention will be centered more on certain parts of the composition than on others. Focal Point: A specific spot to which one’s attention is directed. Subordination: A less visually interesting area.

  8. Emphasis: The viewer’s attention will be centered more on certain parts of the composition than on others. Focal Point: A specific spot to which one’s attention is directed. Paul Cézanne, Still Life With Compotier, Pitcher and Fruit, 1892-94.

  9. Proportion and Scale Scale: Size in relation to a constant or “normal” size. Proportion: Refers to size relationships between parts of a whole or between two or more items perceived as a unit. Rene Magritte, Delusions of Grandeur II, 1948.

  10. Benin, A Royal Altar to the Hand, 18th century.

  11. Proportions of the golden section Leonardo daVinci, The Study of Human Proportions According to Vetruvius, c. 1485-90.

  12. Rhythm Visual Rhythm: Depends on the repetition of accented elements, usually shapes. Peit Mondrian, Broadway Boogie-Woogie, 1942-43.

  13. The Principles of Design Unity Variety Repetition Rhythm Balance Emphasis/Focal Point Proportion/Scale Pablo Picasso, Girl Before a Mirror

  14. The Parthenon, Athens Greece

  15. Nike of the Samothrace, Louvre, Paris Pablo Picasso, Weeping Woman

  16. Black Figure Pottery, Ancient Greece Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase

  17. Andy Warhol, 10 Marilyns

  18. Jackson Pollock, Number 5

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