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Athens and Sparta

Athens and Sparta. Athens. Great location by the water, but not enough land. Economy based on TRADE AGORA = marketplace. Athenian Government. Citizens – Free men over 18 who were born in Athens.

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Athens and Sparta

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  1. Athens and Sparta

  2. Athens • Great location by the water, but not enough land. • Economy based on TRADE • AGORA = marketplace

  3. Athenian Government • Citizens – Free men over 18 who were born in Athens. • Assembly – All citizens would meet and discuss possible laws. All citizens would vote yes or no on proposed laws. • Council of 500 – 500 citizens age 30 or older chosen by lottery met daily to propose laws and run daily business of government.

  4. Athenian Education • Purpose was to create good citizens to be part of the democracy • Intelligent mind AND healthy body valued • Learned many subjects including academic, physical and the arts. • At age 18 boys joined the military. • Girls just learned from their moms how to run a household.

  5. Athenian Women • Couldn’t inherit or own property • Most ran the house and raised kids. • Couldn’t leave their homes without a male relative, and only did so on rare occasions (like funerals).

  6. Athenian Slaves • Either born into slavery or captured in war. • Many were highly skilled and worked as artisans and teachers. • Others had hard labor.

  7. Sparta • Geographically isolated, with mountains on three sides. • Harbor was far from the city. • As a result, very little trade.

  8. Spartan Government • Oligarchy – the Council of Elders ran the polis. • Council of Elders was two kings and 28 elected council members. • Council members had to be at least 60 years old, from a noble family, and served for life. • Citizens were part of an assembly, but they could not discuss issues, only voting yes or no. • Council could reject any law they didn’t want even if assembly voted yes.

  9. Spartan Economy • Men all served in army until age 60, so who is going to grow the food? • HELOTS – they lived in their own villages and lived basically independently, but had to give much of their food to the Spartans. • Heavy iron bars used for money meant people didn’t use much money.

  10. Spartan Education • Sick babies left to die – they can’t help protect Sparta! • Discipline and strength highly valued. • At age 7 boys taken from families and trained to endure pain and become warriors. • At age 20 boys took a test to become soldiers/citizens, and continued to live in barracks (dorms) until age 30. • Retired at age 60.

  11. Spartan Women • Wore plain clothes, no jewelry or makeup. • Expected to be strong, healthy and ready to fight. • Looked after husband’s property and guarded against invaders. • Unlike in Athens, Spartan women could speak to men, own and control property, and remarry if hubby was away too long.

  12. Helots • Conquered people forced to provide food to Sparta • Lived on their own, chose who and when to marry. • Could sell extra crops and ultimately buy their freedom. • Purposely treated badly to avoid rebellion. • Sparta sometimes declared war on Helots just so strong Helots could be killed.

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