GCSE REVISION

1. GCSE REVISION

2. HEALTH IS A STATE OF COMPLETE __________, ___________ AND _________ WELL BEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE.

3. Enjoyment is a MENTAL benefit of exercise Question: Give another two mental benefits to exercise.

4. Teamwork is a SOCIAL benefit of exercise Question: Give another two social benefits to exercise.

5. A more efficient heart is a PHYSICAL benefit of exercise Question: Give another two physical benefits to exercise.

6. Give a reason why the following examples should take part in exercise: • Kirsty has moved to a new area with her job and is not familiar with the area or people? • ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • 2. Simon’s dad has a lot of work to do and keeps shouting at Simon for the littlest things. • ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS TO REMEMBER: FITNESS: FITNESS IS THE ABILITY TO MEET THE DEMANDS OF THE ENVIROMENT. PERFORMANCE: HOW WELL A TASK IS COMPLETED. EXERCISE: EXERCISE IS A FORM OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, DONE PRIMARILY TO IMPROVE ONE’S HEALTH AND PHYSICAL FITNESS.

8. SKILL& HEALTH RELATED FITNESS • PUT THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO A TABLE UNDER THE CORRECT HEADINGS OF SKILL OR HEALTH RELATED FITNESS:

9. DECIDE ON THESE FOLLOWING WORDS: SKILL OR HEALTH? • Cardiovascular fitness • Agility • Muscular endurance • Muscular strength • Balance • Speed • Power • Flexibility • Body composition • Coordination • Speed of reaction

10. SKILL RELATED FITNESS • GIVE TWO EXAMPLES OF SKILLS THAT ARE REQUIRED TO DO THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES. • DESCRIBE HOW THE SKILL IS A BENEFIT TO THE ACTIVITY.

11. DIVING TO SAVE A FOOTBALL DRIBBLING A FOOTBALL GYMNAST ON A BEAM

12. The Principles of Training

13. The Principles of Training • S • P • O • R • T

14. The Principles of Training • Specificity • Progression • Overload • Reversibility • Tedium

15. Match the definitions • The training that you do needs to match the areas of fitness that you want to improve. • This means doing more than you normally do. • This means that when you stop exercising the fitness that you have gained will be lost. • This means start slowly and gradually build up the difficulty of the activity.

16. QUESTIONS • Using the FITT principle, explain three ways somebody can overload their training session? (3) • Shelia is dedicated to her training programme and never misses her weekly session, what principle of training is she following (1) • What happens to Shelia’s fitness if she misses a number of sessions and what is this principle called? (2)

17. THRESHOLDS OF TRAINING • What are the two main energy systems we use when taking part in physical activity?

18. THRESHOLDS OF TRAINING • What are the two main energy systems we use when taking part in physical activity? • Aerobic and Anaerobic

19. WHICH IS AEROBIC, WHICH IS ANAEROBIC?YOU DECIDE!!!!!!! • 100M SPRINT • 10,000M • MARATHON • FOOTBALL (FREE KICK) • FOOTBALL (JOGGING BACK TO POSITION) • LONG JUMP • SHOT PUT • CROSS COUNTRY

20. Aerobic energy • The aerobic energy system uses oxygen to provide us with energy. • Examples include long distance running events e.g. marathon running, cross country and 3000m.

21. Anaerobic Energy • The anaerobic energy system produces energy without using oxygen. • It uses energy that is stored in our muscles. As a result we can only use this energy system for short intense bursts e.g. sprints, 100m.

22. Training Zones • How do we work out which energy system we are using?

23. Maximum Heart Rate • 220 – age = MHR • The MHR for a 16 year old is • 220 – 16 = 204 beats per minute. • Aerobic training zone = 60 – 80% mhr, which for a 16 yr old would be 122 – 163 beats per minute.

24. Maximum Heart Rate • Anaerobic training zone = 80 – 90% mhr, which for a 16 yr old would be ___ – ____beats per minute.

25. Anaerobic training zone = 80 – 90% mhr, which for a 16 yr old would be 163 – 184 beats per minute.

26. SKELETON • THERE ARE FOUR MAIN FUNCTIONS OF A SKELETON • SUPPORT • MOVEMENT • BLOOD PRODUCTION • PROTECTION

27. LABEL THE PARTS HIGHLIGHTED b • Give the anatomical names for the bones labelled • a. • B • C • D • E • f a f c e d

28. Femur Carpals Metatarsals Sternum Clavical Phalanges Tibia Cranium Patella Humerus Shin Bone Knee Bone Breast Bone Foot Thigh bone Wrist Skull Toes Upper Arm Collar Bone Link Up the Anatomical Names with their common names

29. BONES • BONES CAN BE PUT INTO FOUR DIFFERENT SECTIONS: • LONG • SHORT • FLAT • IRREGULAR

30. Long bones • Long bones are long and cylindrical in shape, and can be found in the limbs. They are associated with movement. Examples of long bones are: • FemurTibiaFibulaPhalangesMetacarpalsUlnaHumerus

31. Irregular Bones • Irregular bones can be described as having no definite geometrical shape. Good examples of these bones are the vertebrae.

32. Flat bones • Flat (plate) bones protect our internal organs. They enclose our vital organs. Examples of flat bones are: • RibsSternumScapula (pictured)Cranium

33. Short Bones • Short bones • Short bones are there for strength and have limited movement. They are typically squarish in shape and can be found in the foot tarsals and the wrist carpals.

34. Questions Multiple choice • 1 Bones can be classified into different groups. The phalanges are an example of: • A; long bones • B: short bones • C: Irregular bones • D: Flat (plate) bones • 2: Which of the bones listed is an irregular bone? • A: Radius • B: femur • C: Vertebra • D: Scapular

35. Continued………… • The scapula is an example of a • A: Flat (plate) bone • B: Long bone • C: Short Bone • D: Irregular Bone • Which of the following groups contains the bones of the hands and wrists? • A: Tibia, tarsals, phalanges • B: Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges • C: Clavical, Metatarsals, tarsals • D: Carpals, phalanges, metacarpals.

36. Synovial JointsJoints: Where two or more bones meet • Label the parts • A • B • C • What type of joint is the knee? • Give another example of this joint? • What type of joint is the shoulder? c a b

37. PREVENTING INJURY • HOW TO AVOID INJURY? • MAKE SURE YOU ARE FIT • OBEY THE RULES • PLAY AT THE RIGHT LEVEL ( AGE, WEIGHT) • RIGHT KIT (KEEPER IN HOCKEY)

38. R I C E REST ICE COMPRESSION ELEVATION Bones, joints, ligaments and tendon injury treat with:

39. DIAL 999 DO NOT MOVE CASUALTY SUPPORT THE LIMB Fracture and Dislocation

40. D R A B C DANGER RESPONSE AIRWAY BREATHING CIRCULATION WHAT DO YOU DO IF A PERSON COLLAPSES INFRONT OF YOU?

41. MULTIPLE CHOICE • Which of the following would NOT be treated with RICE? • A) Sprain • B) Strain • C) Dislocation • D) Deep bruising • The recovery position would be used for: • A) a conscious patient who has a broken arm • B) An unconscious patient who was breathing and has a pulse • C) An unconscious patient who was breathing but had NO pulse • D) An unconscious patient who was NOT breathing, but had a pulse.

42. DIET • CARBOHYDRATES: These are used for energy. • FATS: Also used for energy, muscles use carbohydrates firstly then they use fat • PROTEIN: Repairs muscles.

43. WHICH NUTRIENTS DO THESE FOODS HAVE IN THEM? FATS, CARBOHYDRTAES OR PROTEIN

44. DIET AND THE SPORTS PERFORMER • Don’t eat more than you need because it will get stored as fat and wont help in sport. • Long-distance runners need plenty of carbohydrates for energy. • An athlete will need protein in their diet to help them recover from any wear and tear. • Water is also vital so they don’t dehydrate.

45. Drugs • Socially acceptable drugs? • Drinking, smoking and coffee (caffeine) • Stimulants: speed up reactions and can work for long periods without pain • Sprinters use them, blocks

46. DRUGS CONTINUED…. • Narcotic Analgesics: pain killers • Anabolic steroids: Increase size and strength of muscle. • Diuretics: decreases the amount of water in body. • Boxers and jockeys use this.