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Post-War Isolationism. I. The War Debts Problem 1. Allies owed $10 million a. To the U.S.A b. “War debts” 2. How to get $ a. Collect “reparations” from Germany -Germany bankrupt -Allies unable pay U.S. DEAL:
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Post-War Isolationism I. The War Debts Problem 1. Allies owed $10 million a. To the U.S.A b. “War debts” 2. How to get $ a. Collect “reparations” from Germany -Germany bankrupt -Allies unable pay U.S. DEAL: -U.S. reduced “war debts” if Allies reduced “reparations”
II. U.S. and the League of Nations 1. Isolationism after WWI a. Refused to join “World Orgs.” -League of Nations -World Court Isolationist Presidents Warren G, Harding Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover 1921-1923 1923-1929 1929-1933
III. Keeping the Peace 1. Fear of Japan a. Aggressive tendencies -China, Pacific Islands -Huge naval power 2. Naval Arms Race U.S. v. Japan v. Britain *How should we stop the arms threat? VS.
-Compromise in 1921 - “Washington Agreements” 1. U.S., Japan & England -stop building Naval strength -U.S. & Great Britain 40% more powerful than Japan 2. Settle Pacific disputes peacefully 3. Recognize China’s independence
2. Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) a. “Paris Peace Pact” b. “Peace Pact of Nations” -“solve disputes by talking” -signed by 62 Nations Aristide Briand Frank B. Kellogg
C. Weakness and failure of peace pacts: 1. No mention of “Self Defense” 2. No authority to punish violators -Japan attacked Manchuria (1931) Problem- How should we explain & enforce consequences?
Questions • How did the U.S. follow a policy of isolationism at this time? • What efforts did the U.S. make to keep the peace? • How successful were these efforts? Explain.