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Objective 4.01: Recognize basic textiles used in interiors

Objective 4.01: Recognize basic textiles used in interiors. Textiles. Any products made from fibers Clothes Carpets Upholstery Sheets. Fibers. Raw, thin, hair-like materials Fibers come from either natural or manufactured sources.

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Objective 4.01: Recognize basic textiles used in interiors

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  1. Objective 4.01:Recognize basic textiles used in interiors

  2. Textiles • Any products made from fibers Clothes Carpets Upholstery Sheets.

  3. Fibers • Raw, thin, hair-like materials • Fibers come from either natural or manufactured sources.

  4. Wool and Cotton Fibers

  5. Polyester and nylon fibers

  6. Yarns - FIBERS SPUN TOgether

  7. yarns ARE WOVEN or knitted TO MAKE FABRIC

  8. NATURAL FIBERS Natural fibers come from plants (CELLULOSIC) and animals (PROTEIN).

  9. Cellulosic Fibers: Plant sources(Cotton, Flax, Ramie) Strengths • Absorbent • Strong • Dyes well • Seldom damaged by insects Weaknesses • Burn easily • Stained by mildew • Yellow • Low in elasticity • Wrinkle easily • Shrink in hot water.

  10. Cotton • Bed and bath linens • Rugs • Draperies • Upholstery

  11. Flax plants (Linen) • Tablecloths • Kitchen towels • Draperies • Upholstery

  12. Ramie (was the fabric used to wrap mummies!) • Most commonly blended with other fibers to help produce a silky luster to the fabric’s appearance

  13. Protein Fibers: Animal Sources(silk, wool) Strengths • Burn slowly • Good elasticity and resiliency • Strong • Lustrous • Wrinkle resistant Weaknesses • Need to be careful in cleaning (dry clean) • Water spots easily • Poor resistance to sunlight (silk) • Eaten by moths (wool).

  14. Silk – filaments are 300-1600 yards long! • Draperies • Lampshades • Upholstery

  15. wool • Rugs • Curtains • Blankets • Draperies • Upholstery

  16. manufactured fibers (Synthetics) • Manufactured fibers are divided into 2 groups: cellulosic and non-cellulosic

  17. General characteristics of manufactured fibers • Both contain oil products and other chemicals • Cellulosic also contains wood • Launder well • Moth proof • Non-allergenic • Heat sensitive.

  18. Cellulosicmanufactured fibers (Rayon and Acetate) Strengths • Drapes well • Dyes easily Weaknesses • Weak • Poor resistance to abrasion.

  19. rayon • Bedding • Draperies • Slipcovers • Tablecloths • Upholstery

  20. acetate • Bedspreads • Draperies • Upholstery • Sheers

  21. Non-Cellulosic manufactured fibers(Nylon, Polyester, Olefin, Acrylic) Strengths • Do not stretch or shrink • Resists creases and abrasion Weaknesses • Nonabsorbent • Creates static electricity.

  22. Nylon, Polyester, Olefin, Acrylic • Carpets • Draperies • Upholstery

  23. Weaving Fabrics • Weaving involves interlacing two systems of yarns at right angles to each other. • Warp Yarn: lengthwise threads – up and down • Weft Yarn: crosswise threads (filling yarns) – left to right.

  24. Plain weave • Simplest weave • Over 1, under 1.

  25. Plain weave variations Basket Weave: • Plain weave with multiple yarns • Over 2, under 2.

  26. Plain weave variations Ribbed Weave: • Warp and weft yarns are different sized.

  27. Twill Weave • Stronger than plain weaves • Over 2, under 2. Each succeeding row begins one yarn above or below the last one • Denim is the most common twill weave.

  28. Satin Weave • The satin weave is smooth, slippery, and drapes well • It is less durable than other weaves • Over 4, under 1 • Successive rows begin 2 rows away from the last.

  29. Jacquard Weave • Used for damask, tapestry, and brocade fabrics • The over under pattern of the warp and weft yarns create a pattern in the fabric.

  30. Weaving Sample YOU WILL NEED: • 2 pieces of construction paper, each a different color • METAL RULER • TRIANGLE • CUTTING MAT AND XACTO KNIFE. • GLUE STICK • 1 piece of WHITE CARDSTOCK

  31. STEP ONE: with Paper in portrait view create your warp yarns • Place ruler even with the top edge of the paper. • Draw a line across the paper here RULER

  32. STEP TWO: warp yarns continued • Mark ½” increments on the line. ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½ ….. • Use the triangle to draw vertical lines. • Start at the HORIZONTAL LINE and cut to the bottom.

  33. STEP THREE: attach your warp yarns to WHITE cardstock • Put glue across here. • Match the left edges together and attach to the WHITE cardstock. • THE WARP YARNS WILL BE WIDER AND LONGER THAN THE CARDSTOCK.

  34. STEP FOUR: with paper in landscape view create your weft yarns • Mark ½” increments. ½, 1, 1½, 2, 2½ ….. • Use the triangle to draw vertical lines. • Create individual pieces by cutting all the way across the paper.

  35. STEP FIVE: WEAVE • SEE MRS. IVEY TO SELECT YOUR PATTERN • FOLLOW YOUR DIAGRAM • ONCE YOU HAVE FINISHED WEAVING, GLUE DOWN THE EDGES • TRIM TO FIT THE CARDSTOCK • WRITE THE NAME OF YOUR WEAVE ON THE TOP • WRITE YOUR NAME ON THE BACK • PUT INTO A PAGE PROTECTOR AND TURN IN PLAIN WEAVE

  36. Non-woven fabrics • Knitted fabrics • Bonded: Made by applying heat, moisture and pressure to fibers. Ex. Felt.

  37. A protein source of NONWOVEN TEXTILES is Animal skins (leather, furs)

  38. Other important terms • Grain – the direction the thread runs (crosswise or lengthwise)

  39. Pile weave – yarn loops or cut yarns that stand away from the base of the fabric. (Velvet, corduroy, terry cloth, and carpets)

  40. Nap – the fiber ends that stand up from the surface of fabric. Fabric looks different from different directions.

  41. LAWS AND TEXTILES • Textile Fiber Products Identification Act: Fibers in a textile product must be labeled in order of predominance by weight. • Wool Products Labeling Act: Labels on wool products include the kind and amount of wool used, manufacturer, and country of origin. • Flammable Fabrics Act: Prohibits the sale of flammable fabrics. Many new flame-resistant finishes have been developed as a result of this law.

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