Unit 10 Chapters 22 and 24

1. Unit 10 Chapters 22 and 24

2. 1. "No prudent master of a family ever attempts to make at home what it will cost him more to make than to buy. If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it from them with some part of the produce of our industry."The quotation above was used to justify: A. the establishment of Utopian socialist communities in early nineteenth-century Great Britain B. free trade in early nineteenth-century Great Britain C. the social legislation proposed by Bismarck in late nineteenth century Germany D. European imperialism in Africa in the late nineteenth century E. economic integration of Central and eastern Europe in the early twentieth century

3. 1. "No prudent master of a family ever attempts to make at home what it will cost him more to make than to buy. If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it from them with some part of the produce of our industry."The quotation above was used to justify: A. the establishment of Utopian socialist communities in early nineteenth-century Great Britain B. free trade in early nineteenth-century Great Britain C. the social legislation proposed by Bismarck in late nineteenth century Germany D. European imperialism in Africa in the late nineteenth century E. economic integration of Central and eastern Europe in the early twentieth century

4. 2. Prior to the expansion of the factory system during the Industrial Revolution, which of the following contributed to the increase in production of manufactured goods? A. importation of silk and cotton cloth from the Far East B. expansion of the guild system in urban centers C. expansion of cottage industries in the countryside D. cultivation of formerly fallow lands. E. the completion of the railway system Which of these choices has to do with making goods?

5. 2. Prior to the expansion of the factory system during the Industrial Revolution, which of the following contributed to the increase in production of manufactured goods? A. importation of silk and cotton cloth from the Far East B. expansion of the guild system in urban centers C. expansion of cottage industries in the countryside D. cultivation of formerly fallow lands. E. the completion of the railway system Cottage Industry: Making goods at home to sell.

6. 3. As Great Britain developed economically after 1750, it required all of the following EXCEPT: A. more raw materials from abroad B. more markets abroad C. a greater percentage of people employed in agriculture D. improved transport facilities E. more investment capital

7. 3. As Great Britain developed economically after 1750, it required all of the following EXCEPT: A. more raw materials from abroad B. more markets abroad C. a greater percentage of people employed in agriculture D. improved transport facilities E. more investment capital It required less people farming.

8. 4. The Industrial Revolution in eighteenth-century England primarily involved new techniques in: A. shoe manufacturing B. ship construction C. furniture manufacturing D. textile production E. steel production

9. 4. The Industrial Revolution in eighteenth-century England primarily involved new techniques in: A. shoe manufacturing B. ship construction C. furniture manufacturing D. textile production E. steel production Textile = making cloth

10. 5. Which of the following was a production change that led to the need for the factory system? • water powered machinery • wind mills • expensive raw materials • banking systems

11. 5. Which of the following was a production change that led to the need for the factory system? • water powered machinery • wind mills • expensive raw materials • banking systems

12. 5. English economic expansion was severely threatened in the eighteenth century by a rapidly diminishing supply of: A. peat B. coal C. oil D. water power E. wood

13. 5. English economic expansion was severely threatened in the eighteenth century by a rapidly diminishing supply of: A. peat B. coal C. oil D. water power E. wood

14. 7. Important prerequisites for Great Britain's industrialization in the mid-eighteenth centuryincluded which of the following? A. dramatic improvements in workers' housing in the cities B. a rapid increase in the amount of gold imported from New World colonies C. innovations in agricultural techniques and increases in food production D. rapid growth of a national system of rail transportation E. strong monarchical leadership and a centralized government bureaucracy What is a prerequisite?

15. 7. Important prerequisites for Great Britain's industrialization in the mid-eighteenth centuryincluded which of the following? A. dramatic improvements in workers' housing in the cities B. a rapid increase in the amount of gold imported from New World colonies C. innovations in agricultural techniques and increases in food production D. rapid growth of a national system of rail transportation E. strong monarchical leadership and a centralized government bureaucracy WHY? Before you produce goods, you must first produce FOOD!

16. 8. In England, greater financial stability resulted from the government policy of: A. permitting numerous banks to issue banknotes after 1844 B. restricting the right of merchants to invest in the new industries C. introducing the principle of limited liability D. all of the above

17. 8. In England, greater financial stability resulted from the government policy of: A. permitting numerous banks to issue banknotes after 1844 B. restricting the right of merchants to invest in the new industries C. introducing the principle of limited liability D. all of the above Limited Liability = investors would only amount of investment!

18. 9. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the lead England took in the industrialization of society? A. the geographical compactness of the British Isles B. significant deposits of the necessary minerals C. an ample reservoir of labor D. a decline in population

19. 9. Which of the following was NOT a factor in the lead England took in the industrialization of society? A. the geographical compactness of the British Isles B. significant deposits of the necessary minerals C. an ample reservoir of labor D. a decline in population Population rose and provided needed workers.

20. 10. The first significant advance in the mechanization of agriculture was made by: A. Justin Liebig B. Henry Bessemer C. Samuel Cunard D. Cyrus McCormick

21. 10. The first significant advance in the mechanization of agriculture was made by: A. Justin Liebig B. Henry Bessemer C. Samuel Cunard D. Cyrus McCormick

22. 11. The initial developments in the industrialization occurred in: A. the railroad industry B. textile manufacturing C. the area of chemical production D. metallurgy

23. 11. The initial developments in the industrialization occurred in: A. the railroad industry B. textile manufacturing C. the area of chemical production D. metallurgy

24. 12. One of the most significant contributions of Eli Whitney to industrialization was the: A. application of steam power to textile looms B. assembly lines C. concept of standardization and interchangeable parts D. water-powered spinning jenny

25. 12. One of the most significant contributions of Eli Whitney to industrialization was the: A. application of steam power to textile looms B. assembly lines C. concept of standardization and interchangeable parts D. water-powered spinning jenny

26. 13. The tremendous growth of the textile industry resulted from all of the following EXCEPT: A. government subsidies to textiles manufacturers B. increased demand C. technological innovation D. emergence of greater cotton supplies

27. 13. The tremendous growth of the textile industry resulted from all of the following EXCEPT: A. government subsidies to textiles manufacturers B. increased demand C. technological innovation D. emergence of greater cotton supplies

28. 14. Early textile factories in Britain worked with A.cotton. B. flax. C.silk. D.hemp. E. wool.

29. 14. Early textile factories in Britain worked with A.cotton. B. flax. C.silk. D.hemp. E. wool.

30. 15. The first modern factories arose in the A.furniture-making industry. B. steel industry. C.textile industry. D.railroad industry. E. chemical industry.

31. 15. The first modern factories arose in the A.furniture-making industry. B. steel industry. C.textile industry. D.railroad industry. E. chemical industry.

32. 16. All of the following were consequences of revolutionary changes in the textile industry except A. cheaper cotton goods B. a dramatic increase in weavers’ wages. C. the movement of large numbers of agricultural workers into the industry. D. a reduction in child labor. E. easier access to yarn for handloom weavers.

33. 16. All of the following were consequences of revolutionary changes in the textile industry except A. cheaper cotton goods B. a dramatic increase in weavers’ wages. C. the movement of large numbers of agricultural workers into the industry. D. a reduction in child labor. E. easier access to yarn for handloom weavers. Child Labor did not end until the Factory Act of 1833.

34. 17. The most serious obstacle impeding industrial development in Britain was: A. lack of investment capital B. the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon C. a shortage of energy D. a lack of human capital

35. 17. The most serious obstacle impeding industrial development in Britain was: A. lack of investment capital B. the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon C. a shortage of energy D. a lack of human capital

36. 18. The labor force of the early rural textile factories was recruited primarily from: A. cottage-industry workers. B. orphaned children. C. African slaves. D. Irish immigrants. E. peasant women.

37. 18. The labor force of the early rural textile factories was recruited primarily from: A. cottage-industry workers. B. orphaned children. C. African slaves. D. Irish immigrants. E. peasant women.

38. 19. Which of the following was most central to the development of the early Industrial Revolution? A. The replacement of iron by steel B. The shift from human and animal power to mechanical power C. the substitution of unionized for independent labor D. The decline of individual enterprise in favor of cooperative efforts E. the shift from coal to oil-fired forges

39. 19. Which of the following was most central to the development of the early Industrial Revolution? A. The replacement of iron by steel B. The shift from human and animal power to mechanical power C. the substitution of unionized for independent labor D. The decline of individual enterprise in favor of cooperative efforts E. the shift from coal to oil-fired forges • Steam Power

40. 20. Which of the following was true concerning the earliest steam engines? A. used to pump water out of coal mines. B. developed by James Watt. C. those used to propel locomotives. D. used as central power sources for the new factories. E. used to run mechanical spinning jennies.

41. 20. Which of the following was true concerning the earliest steam engines? A. used to pump water out of coal mines. B. developed by James Watt. C. those used to propel locomotives. D. used as central power sources for the new factories. E. used to run mechanical spinning jennies.

42. 21. In order to make his steam engine a practical success, James Watt needed all of the following factors EXCEPT: A. investment capital B. skilled workers C. experienced sales and marketing agents D. precision parts

43. 21. In order to make his steam engine a practical success, James Watt needed all of the following factors EXCEPT: A. investment capital B. skilled workers C. experienced sales and marketing agents* D. precision parts • *They are not needed until much later in history.

44. 22. The major breakthrough in energy and power supplies that catalyzed the Industrial Revolution was: A. Thomas Newcomer’s 1705 steam engine B. The development of the internal combustion engine C. the use of running water to power cotton-spinning machinery D. James Watt’s steam engine, developed and marketed between the 1760s and the 1780s E. Sir Isaac Newton’s discovery of the law of action and reaction

45. 22. The major breakthrough in energy and power supplies that catalyzed the Industrial Revolution was: A. Thomas Newcomer’s 1705 steam engine B. The development of the internal combustion engine C. the use of running water to power cotton-spinning machinery D. James Watt’s steam engine, developed and marketed between the 1760s and the 1780s E. Sir Isaac Newton’s discovery of the law of action and reaction

46. 23. James Watt solved the inefficiency problems of early steam engines by A. increasing the size of the engines. B. adding a separate condenser. C. using a better grade of coal for fuel. D. using accurate, precision parts. E. uniting the combustion chamber with the piston cylinder.

47. 23. James Watt solved the inefficiency problems of early steam engines by A. increasing the size of the engines. B. adding a separate condenser. C. using a better grade of coal for fuel. D. using accurate, precision parts. E. uniting the combustion chamber with the piston cylinder. What a difference that made!!!!

48. 24. According to the text, the world’s first important railroad, completed in 1830, ran between A. Baltimore and Washington, D.C. B. London and Manchester. C. Moscow and St. Petersburg. D. Liverpool and Edinburgh. E. Paris and Bordeaux.

49. 24. According to the text, the world’s first important railroad, completed in 1830, ran between A. Baltimore and Washington, D.C. B. London and Manchester. C. Moscow and St. Petersburg. D. Liverpool and Edinburgh. E. Paris and Bordeaux.

50. 25. The world’s first important railroad engine, the Rocket, was built by A. James Watt B. William Cockerill and Fritz Harcort C. the British government D. George Stephenson