World History Unit 3 Test Review

1. World History Unit 3 Test Review Part II

2. Which group made up the largest part of the population in feudal society? • a. • vassals • c. • knights • b. • peasants • d. • lords

3. b. • peasants

4. Which of the following groups dominated the economic and political life of towns during the High Middle Ages? • a. • nobles • c. • knights • b. • merchant guilds • d. • the clergy

5. b. • merchant guilds

6. Why was the Magna Carta important? • a. • It approved money for wars in France. • b. • It asserted that the monarch must obey the law. • c. • It allowed the monarch to abolish Parliament. • d. • It limited the power of the pope.

7. b. • It asserted that the monarch must obey the law.

8. Which of the following was a result of the plague in Europe? • a. • economic decline • c. • the rebirth of Christianity • b. • political reform • d. • the Hundred Years’ War

9. a. • economic decline

10. Which of the following was a result of the Crusades? • a. • permanent conquest of the Holy Land by Christians • b. • religious tolerance in Western Europe • c. • increased trade in Western Europe • d. • the reunification of the Roman and Byzantine churches

11. A key feature of Gothic architecture is • a. • towers. • c. • flying buttresses. • b. • tiny windows. • d. • low, heavy roofs.

12. c. • flying buttresses.

13. Why is Joan of Arc remembered? • a. • She led a peasant uprising that ended feudalism. • b. • She led the French to victories against the English in the Hundred Years’ War. • c. • She led English troops in the Hundred Years’ War. • d. • She drove the English from Calais.

14. b. • She led the French to victories against the English in the Hundred Years’ War.

15. What is this?

17. Describe Mongol rule in China during the Yuan Dyansty.

18. Kuibilai Khan brought peace and order to China after disunity following Song Dynasty. • increased contact between China and the western world. increased trade • Despite their reputation for brutality in conquest tolerant and effective • conditions for women improved (stopped footbinding)

19. Describe some of the advances and setbacks to trade during the Ming Dynasty.

20. Ming rulers promoted trade with Southeast Asia and India through the voyages of Zheng He. • Chinese junks were much larger than Euro ships, and had cannons loaded with gunpowder. • Despite having valuable trade commodities such as silk, tea, spices, and porcelain, the Chinese limited foreign trade after the voyages for Zheng He. • Despite the technological advances (junks, gunpowder), China’s isolationism inhibited exploration and trade.

21. Define feudalism. Explain the similarities and differences between Japanese and European feudalism.

22. A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. • Compare Code of Bushido (Japan) to Code of Chivalry (Europe). • Compare feudal hierarchy: (Japan) Shogun>Daimyo>Samurai>Peasant. (Europe) King>Lord>Knight>Peasant.

23. Explain the significance of the Magna Carta.

24. Magna Carta-Guaranteed rights to English nobility in limiting the power of King John. • Nobility wins the right to form a Parliament - Will become a representative law-making body that governs in conjunction with the monarch

25. What does the word “Renaissance” mean? Explain. Where did it start and why?

26. Rebirth. Revival of Greco-Roman art, culture, and learning after Medieval “Dark Ages.” Begins in Italy, b/c they were center of trade (Venice), and recovered from plague more quickly. Also had access to ruins of Roman cilization.

27. Who invented to printing press in Euopre. Why was the printing press so significant?

28. Johannes Gutenberg. • • The Gutenberg printing press made mass production of books possible. • • More books= more readers= more learning. Revolutionized learning & dissemination of ideas.

29. What was Martin Luther protesting when he started the Protestant Reformation? Describe two key points in his 95 Theses.

30. Corruption in the Catholic Church, such as the selling of indulgences. • Bible is ultimate religious authority, not the Pope. Salvation can be achieved through faith alone.

31. What was purpose of the Crusades, and what was the outcome?

32. Purpose: Christians sought to defend the Holy Land (Jerusalem) against the Muslims. Both religions wanted to spread and protect their lands. • Jerusalem fell back to the Muslims. Muslims driven out of Spain. Europe remaiend Christian. People exposed to new ideas trade- insiration for the Renaissance.

33. Why is the Medieval period in Europe often described at the “Dark Ages?”

34. Bubonic plague- 1/3 of Europe dies. • No major scientific advances- maintain geocentric theory of Greco-Roman times. • Education mainly limited to monastic commmunity. • Gothic Cathedrals are artistic breakthrough, but relatively few artistic advances apart from this.

35. Explain the role of the Catholic Church in Medieval in Renaissance Europe.

36. Medieval: Monks/nuns translated and copied Bibles, Greeek/Latin books. Preserved history and knowledge. Cared for sick and the poor. • Renaissance: Important patron of Renaissance art. Popes commissioned artists like Michelangelo to produce Christian art.