The Respiratory System & Spirometry

1. The Respiratory System & Spirometry Lab 6

2. Lab 6 Activities • Identify parts of the respiratory system • Respiratory tree, thoracic organs, and larynx models • Fresh lung (if available) • Examine histology of the: • Trachea • Lung • Examine the operation of the lung model • Biopac L012-Lung-1:  Spirometry • Measure lung volumes and capacities

3. Respiratory System Structure • Conduction zone: pathway for pulmonary ventilation • Respiratory zone: membrane for gas exchange  external respiration • Clinically, two parts: • Upper respiratory tract • Lower respiratory tract

4. Respiratory System Structure Histology reflects the different functions of the different parts of the system Position in respiratory pathway determines cell type • non-keratinized stratified squamous • pseudostratified ciliated columnar • cuboidal ciliated • simple squamous / Type I Alveolar cells

6. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium mucosa Lamina Propria Submucosa Hyaline Cartilage

7. seudostratified epithelium = lamina propria ucous glands mooth muscle artilage

8. Gross Section Through Lung

9. Smoker’s Lungs Non-smoker 

10. Small Bronchiole

11. Lung Tissue slide Respiratory Bronchiole Alveolar Duct Alveoli Alveolar Sac

12. Capillaries in Alveolar Wall

13. Spirometry

14. SPIROMETRY –RESPIRATORY VOLUMES AND CAPACITIES Total Lung Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Residual Volume (RV) Vital Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) Inspiratory Capacity = Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Tidal Volume (TV) Functional Residual Capacity = Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Residual Volume (RV)

15. Spirometry: Calibration Inlet Inlet Insert the calibration syringe/filter assembly into the side of the airflow transducer labeled "Inlet."  Follow pop up window instructions Wait for 8 seconds of no air flow, Then do your 5 syringe cycles.

16. Experimental Treatments • 4 normal breaths • Inhale as deeply as possible • Exhale to normal depth • 3 normal breaths • Exhale as much as possible • 3 normal breaths • Inhale as much as possible • Exhale as fast and completely as possible • 4 normal breaths

17. BioPacSpirogram Example Data If you get a negative value, just put the absolute value. This part is in addition to what Biopac Lesson 12-Lung 1 prompts you to do! 1 regular exhale 1 strongest inhale 3 regular breaths 1 strongest exhale 1 strongest inhale 3 regular breaths 3 regular breaths 1 strongest exhale

18. Biopac: Data Analysis P-P Measures Tidal Volume Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19

19. Biopac: Data Analysis P-P Measures Inspiratory Capacity Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19

20. Biopac: Data Analysis • Delta Measures Inspiratory Reserve Volume • Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19 • Use similar methods to determine: • Expiratory Reserve Volume • Vital Capacity

21. Biopac: Data Analysis To measure FEV1 Highlight from peak of max inhale to the point where Delta T is 1 second P-P Measures FEV1 Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19 Use similar methods to determine FEV2 and FEV3:

22. Biopac: Data Analysis P-P Measures FVC Record in Table 1 on page Lab 6-19

23. Summary of Class Data Record your data in Excel at the computer located at the front podium Your Instructor will make the complete data set available for you to use while completing the homework assignment

24. Complete and turn in the questions on pages 6-19 to 6-22 Don’t forget to print the entire spirogram (landscape format) you recorded to include in your lab report. Use vertical brackets ( [ ] ) to identify and label the tidal, inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve and residual volumes; and total lung, vital, expiratory and inspiratory capacities on your spirogram. Lab 6-21, Question 4. Use a scatterplot, not a line graph! Remember to completely label your graphs! Complete Assignment 6 on MasteringAandP. Homework

25. The End Lab 6

26. Biopac Spirometry Residualvolume

27. Spirometry