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Western Trails Map Pg. 283

2 Maps on TEST. “Atlantic to Pacific” 1783 – 1853 not in book pgs. 221 – 223 283 – 291 296. Western Trails Map Pg. 283. NATIONAL EXPANSIONISM TEST. Advance to the Mississippi (1783) Manifest Destiny

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Western Trails Map Pg. 283

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  1. 2 Maps on TEST “Atlantic to Pacific”1783 – 1853not in bookpgs. 221 – 223 283 – 291 296 • Western Trails Map • Pg. 283

  2. NATIONAL EXPANSIONISM TEST • Advance to the Mississippi (1783) • Manifest Destiny • Western Trail Blazers • Oregon Explorers / Settlers • Texas Independence and Annexation • The War Against Mexico • Westward Expansion / Settlement

  3. Westward Expandsion 1780 to 1820

  4. 1846 1818 War of 1812 1853 1848 1836 1821

  5. “Manifest Destiny” • First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. • ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth." A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure emerged.

  6. “American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

  7. 1818 49th Parallel 1819 Adams-Onis 1819 Missouri 1821 Mexican REVOLUTION

  8. EXPANSIONISM • Westward Expansion • Early Explorers • Trappers • Mountain Men • Westward Migration • Early Settlers • Texas Independence • Oregon Territory • Conestoga Wagon Trains • Mormon Settlement • Gold Discoveries • Mail routes/Pony Express • Transcontinental Railroad

  9. EXPANSIONISM 1820-1840’s • Westward Expansion • Early Explorers • Lewis & Clark • Zeb Pike • Trappers • Hudson Bay Co. • American Fur Co. • Rocky Mt. Fur Co. • Mountain Men • Jed Smith • Josiah Walker • Surveyors/Scouts • John C. Fremont Western Trails

  10. Oregon Trail

  11. The Oregon Trail – Albert Bierstadt, 1869

  12. Oregon Country - Russia, Spain, Britain and United States • Columbia River – John Gray (early) • Lewis & Clark - Sacajawea • 1818 – 49th Border • Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) boundary, Spain • 1824Russia surrenders claim below Alaska

  13. Mountain Men- fur traders, trappers, missionaries into Oregon • Whitman Mission settlement • Later Measles will spread Overland Trails - Oregon Trail (4-6mth) -mountain passes – 2,000miles 1841 Fremont Charting Expedition map printed & followed by thousands of settlers Prairie Schooners

  14. Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000 people made the trek westward.

  15. Trails Westward

  16. The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight! • By the mid-1840s, “Oregon Fever” was spurred on by the promise of free land. • The joint British - U. S. occupation ended in1846.

  17. MANIFEST DESTINY • Early history develops • John Q. Adams • “expansion to the pacific a law of nature” • 1840 – NY newspaper- John O’Sullivan • MANIFEST DESTINY • NATIONAL MISSION Fifty-Four Forty or Fight 1846 settle at 49’ Settles Oregon Issue

  18. April, 1846 – April, 1847

  19. The Doomed Donner Party CANNIBALISM ! ! Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen • Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California! James Reed & Wife

  20. NATIONAL EXPANSIONISM TEST • Advance to the Mississippi • Manifest Destiny • Western Trail Blazers • Oregon Explorers / Settlers • Texas Independence and Annexation • The War Against Mexico • Westward Expansion / Settlement

  21. Spain’s N. AmericanEmpire Spains’s Control in Southwest weakens (Comanche & Apache Treaty) • California (fear of Russia/England) Missions & Presidios (forts) • Indian population declines while (Mexican population Increases) = mexican independence

  22. New • Mexican Independence (1821) 2 Mexico’s-Rancheros want trade -encouraged trade with United States • Newer Mexico– more independent, separate – wants Trade with the U. S. • Santa Fe Trailconnects Santa Fe Area of New (Upper) Mexico with Missouri) • New Mexico, Utah, California, Texas had closer ties to U.S. than with “Old”Mexico Old

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