10-21 Academic 1 st Block

1. 10-21 Academic 1st Block Bellringer: No BR – quiz day Vocab 4 quiz What is “Revolutionary”? Read Pages 256-258 Devices: Allusion, parallelism, appeals, understatement, overstatement, rhetorical questions SOL practice – Counter / rebuttals and Examples (check prewriting) Peer revisions / critique – graded next class Start HW ASSIGNMENT: TYPED Rough Draft Vocab 5 – Definitions, PoS, and sentences in a bingo sheet Patrick Henry’s Speech (262): Compare the style and effectiveness to “Sinners” (3 detailed points) / What is Henry’s most compelling point?

2. Allusion • an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference • By and large, the use of allusions enables writers or poets to simplify complex ideas and emotions • “Don’t act like a Romeo in front of her.” • “This place is like a Garden of Eden.” • The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora’s box of crimes.

3. Parallelism • Parallelism is the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter. Parallelism examples are found in literary works as well as in ordinary conversations. • The use of parallel structures in speech or writing allows speakers and writers to maintain a consistency within their work and create a balanced flow of ideas • Like father, like son. • Whether in class, at work or at home, Shasta was always busy • Flying is fast, comfortable, and safe. • ***These can be used throughout a literary piece to focus a reader and build emphasis

4. Understatement • An understatement is a figure of speech employed by writers or speakers to intentionally make a situation seem less important than it really is. • An understatement usually has an ironic effect as an equally intense response is expected in severe situations but the statement in response is the opposite of what was expected • **Opposite of overstatement / hyperbole • “It rained a bit more than usual” while describing an area being flooded after heavy rainfall.” • “I have to have this operation. It isn’t very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain.”

5. Overstatement • involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis. • In literature, usage of hyperbole develops contrasts. When one thing is described with an over-statement and the other thing is presented normally, a striking contrast is developed. • “I haven’t seen you in ages!” – After seeing them a few hours ago. • “Well now, one winter it was so cold that all the geese flew backward and all the fish moved south and even the snow turned blue. Late at night, it got so frigid that all spoken words froze solid afore they could be heard. People had to wait until sunup to find out what folks were talking about the night before.”

6. Rhetorical Questions • A rhetorical question is asked just for effect or to lay emphasis on some point discussed when no real answer is expected. A rhetorical question may have an obvious answer but the questioner asks rhetorical questions to lay emphasis to the point. • Writers employ rhetorical questions for rhetorical effects and we cannot easily quantify the impact rendered by a rhetorical question

7. 1st and 8th block SOL prompt • Thomas Jefferson wrote, “Determine never to be idle . . . It is wonderful how much may be done if we are always doing.” Do we accomplish more if we are always doing something, or does inactivity also serve a purpose? Take a position on this question. Support your response with reasons and specific examples.

8. 10-21 Honors 4th Block Bellringer: Trade vocab quizzes with someone (with the answers covered) and see if you can answer correctly and that the words are used correctly. – Collecting paragraphs YGB Reading check Go over questions Group keynotes Reverse outline – peer and graded Literary devices Introduce SOAPS (speaker, occasion, audience, purpose, subject) SOL practice – groups - graded Closure: In 25 words, no more, no less, explain why a concession and rebuttal are required for major points. ASSIGNMENT: Typed Final Draft S.O.A.P.S. Patrick Henry’s Speech at the Va Convention – Parallelism, logos, pathos, ethos, understatement, overstatement, allusion. Just find a quote for each. Be prepared to explain it.

9. Concessions / Rebuttals • Concessions acknowledge an opposition in a respectful way and displays a mature argument. All opposites have positives, so use them; however, you should always have a point that trumps theirs. MAKE A READER CARE (PATHOS) • “Dad, I know taking a trip to another country with my friends may be expensive and unsafe, but I have studied so hard the past year and I think I deserve a vacation. You already know how responsible I have been all my life; I don’t think there will be any problem.” • “An individual does have their own right to freedom, but medical evidence proves that second hand smoking is harmful. Nobody has the right to harm the health of another and smoking does just that.”

10. 4th and 6th Prompt • The British naturalist and politician John Lubbock wrote, “Your character will be what you yourself choose to make it.” Do we choose our own character traits, or is our character formed by influences beyond our control? Take a position on this issue. Support your response with reasons and examples.

11. Thematic assertions (arguable claims) • Page 2 of the Crucible Study Guide. • There are 7 “Themes” lists. • Cross out “themes” and replace it with “topics.” • Theme: a main idea or an underlying meaning of a literary work which may be stated directly or indirectly. Different readers may come across themes in very different ways with different perspectives. • Topic: individual freedom vs. order • Theme (assertion): Miller delivers a message that clearly explains that in order to remain orderly and organized, people need to be willing to give up their individual freedom. • Examples to support: • People cannot dance, read, pray only at home, or argue without being punished in their society. • Thinking in new ways, or questioning authority creates dissonance between individuals and their superiors. • ELABORATE WITH SPECIFICS