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Stretch and Stress. Session 2: Strategies to improve English Pronunciation. By Ruth Wickham, Training Fellow, IPGKDRI. Speak clearly to be understood. Incorrect stress can cause misunderstanding just as much as incorrect sounds. Stress and Unstress. What does STRESS sound like?. Louder.
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Stretch and Stress Session 2: Strategies to improve English Pronunciation By Ruth Wickham, Training Fellow, IPGKDRI
Speak clearly to be understood Incorrect stress can cause misunderstanding just as much as incorrect sounds.
Stress and Unstress What does STRESS sound like? Louder Longer Higher
What does UNSTRESS sound like? ure ar o e a or er i u doctor teacher collar measure /ə/ garden circus zebra fossil lion
Secret Weapon for Practising Stress! OK let’s learn!
Stress on the 1st syllable: BUTter SANDwich MOST 2-syllable nounsandadjectives have stress on the first syllable.
Stress on the LAST Syllable diVIDE reCEIVE MOST 2-syllable verbs have stress on the LAST syllable.
Word Stress that Changes Some 2 syllable words change stress depending on whether they are used as an adjective or a noun, or a verb.
compound present export decrease object transport address frequent conduct combat protest insult content desert permit perfect These are called heteronyms
Rules for Longer Words: Stress is attracted to certain syllables: The stress falls on the syllable just before ... -ic -tion -sion -cion -xion
So where is the stress? calculation decision reactionsolutiondistribution operation relation association
So where is the stress? calculation decision reactionsolutiondistribution operation relation association
What is the pattern here? economic terrific strategic logic pathogenic domestic metabolic statistic
What is the pattern here? economic terrific strategiclogic pathogenic domestic metabolic statistic
Where is the stress? biology biological policy political geography geographical universitymanagerial photography photographical society sociological technology technological electricity electrical
Where is the stress? biology biological policy political geography geographical universitymanagerial photography photographical society sociological technology technological electricity electrical Rule for the left column?
What do they have in common? And where is the stress? biology policy geography university photography society technology electricity
“3rd Last” Rule: For words that end in consonant + y -cy -gy -fy -ty -phy * not -ly Stress falls on the third last syllable.
More examples quality choreography democracy archaeology atrophy equality clarify allergy
Another “3rd Last” Rule: In words that end in -ise / -ize -ate stress falls on the 3rd last syllable.
Some –ise / ize examples: accessorise acclimatise advertise globalise agonise anesthetise anodise antagonise apologise brutalise computerise idolise dehumanise mobilise legalise magnetise organise dramatise emphasise energise epitomise fantasise fertilise finalise
Some –ate examples generate certificate passionate graduate advocate separate appropriate estimate associate concentrate illustrate participate immediate corporate chocolate negotiate communicate accommodate advocate anticipate delegate Some of these are heteronyms
SecondaryStress Long words have a second stressed syllable, with weaker stress.
Secondary Stress Example as-SOC-i-A-tion Primary stress Secondary stress
Revision: • 2 syllable nouns/adjectives: stress penultimate syllable (2nd last). (many exceptions) • 2 syllable verbs: stress ultimate (last) syllable. (most) • Stress before –ic • Stress before –tion (-sion, -cion, -xion) • Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (3rd last) for words that end in: • consonant plus y, (not –ly) • -ise (/-ize), • -ate
Contact Ruth Wickham: ruth.wickham@gmail.com Website: http://ktf2012.weebly.com