Total Body Composition Analysis “S ee What You’re M ade O f”

1. Total Body Composition Analysis“See What You’re Made Of” Who can benefit from using it? What does it mean? What do I do with my results?

2. Total Body Composition Analysis“See What You’re Made Of” • Who can benefit from using it? • Athletes • To guide and monitor fat loss and muscle gain • Overweight people • Lose fat and gain muscle • Estimate how many calories should be eaten per day to lose fat • How much additional exercise should be done to lose fat • People with declining physical function/muscle • Older people • People who have been ill • People who have taken steroids (prednisone) • Measures skeletal muscle • then can exercise to improve the result

3. Total Body Composition (Fat) Analysis • Most accurate clinical method to measure: • Total body fat • Total body lean body mass • Skeletal muscle • Resting metabolic rate

4. What do we use? • Dual-Energy x-ray absorptiometry • DEXA for short • The same technology used • By the TV show “The Biggest Loser”

5. How is a DEXA done? • Uses very low levels of radiation • Safe • Uses less radiation than flying round trip Washington DC to Los Angeles • Measures the density of body parts (such as fat and muscle) • Person lays on a padded bed on back under the scanner • Scanner takes a picture of the body • Scan is painless and fast

6. What will I learn from the test? • Lean Muscle Mass • Fat Amount • Android fat vsGynoid fat • Android fat increases risk for heart attacks • Resting Metabolic Rate • Relative Skeletal Muscle Index • Amount of muscle that is on arms and legs

7. LEAN • Lean mass includes non-fat body parts • organs, muscle, bones, fluids • Higher the “Tissue %Lean”, the more muscular the body • GOAL: Increase muscle mass with exercise program

8. FAT • Shows your body fat % • Compares to your age group and gender • Tells you if you are “normal”, “overweight”, or “obese”

9. Example of body fat % chart comparing the result to other people of the same gender and age See next slide on how to interpret result

10. This 24 year woman’s fat % lies just below the dark middle line (the average) This person would be considered “average” and has a good body fat percentage However, an athlete may need to have a lower body fat % and can use this baseline to improve upon through diet and exercise If a person’s result shows “overweight” or “obese”… GOAL = lose weight through diet/exercise

11. ANDROIDvs GYNOID fat • Android (waist) fat is often associated with Apple-shaped body types. • Predicts risk for heart attacks • Android (waist) fat is often associated with Apple-shaped body types. • GOAL: Decrease amount of android fat with diet/exercise to decrease risk of heart attacks

12. RESTING METABOLIC RATE • Resting metabolic rate = • Resting energy expenditure • Basal metabolic rate • Estimates # of calories you burn if you do nothing but rest • Result = calories per day

13. RESTING METABOLIC RATE • Used to figure out: • How many calories a day to eat in diet + • How much calories should be burned a day through exercise to lose fat

14. RELATIVE SKELETAL MUSCLE INDEX • Relative amount of muscle in the arms and legs • GOAL FOR ATHLETES: Use exercise program to improve this value on subsequent results • Improves athletic performance

15. RELATIVE SKELETAL MUSCLE INDEX • Useful also for: • Older people who are losing muscle mass that causes falls and loss of physical function • People who have lost muscle mass due to steroids (prednisone) • People who have lost muscle due to illness • GOAL: Perform regular exercise to increase muscle mass. Can see this when test is repeated

16. Total Body Composition Analysis“See What You’re Made Of” How to use the results: - Obtain current values for fat, muscle, and calorie use - Use this to design an exercise and diet regimen - Repeat test at intervals to monitor your progress