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The apache. Their origin. Apache means ‘enemy’ in Zuni language ( Nde ) Natives of Southwest deserts ( New Mexico, Arizona, Texas) The ‘Plain Apache’ (Kiowa-Apaches): the only tribe living far from the others on the Plain, present Oklahoma
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Theirorigin • Apache means ‘enemy’ in Zuni language (Nde) • Natives of Southwest deserts ( New Mexico, Arizona, Texas) • The ‘Plain Apache’ (Kiowa-Apaches): the only tribe living far from the others on the Plain, present Oklahoma • Reason: Some Apaches were captured and sent to live in Oklahoma by the Americans in the 1800‘s (there are other hypothesesaswell)
WA - Western Apache • N - Navajo • Ch - Chiricahua • M Mescalero • J - Jicarilla • L - Lipan (Lipek) • Pl - Plains Apache (Kiowa Apache) • 30.000 Apaches living today
Lifestyle • Role of men: hunters, warriors, politicalleaders, chiefsofthetribe • Role of women: inchargeofthehome (cooking, children) building houses, butalsotaughttoride and shoot
Both sexes involvedinstorytelling, artwork and music, andtraditionalmedicine.
Housing • Most of theApacheslivedinwickiups • PlainApacheslivedinteepees
Skills • BacameexcellentridersafterEuropenasintroducedhorsestoNorth-Amarica • Famousbeadwork and basketry
Economy • Not primarily farming people, buthunters • Menfordeer, antelope, small game; womenforgatheringnuts, seeds, and fruit • Veryfewdomesticatedplants • Atecornfrequently: eitherbytradingwithPueblos and Navajosorraidingthem differentideasaboutwarfare
Verybriefhistory • Firsttradingwithnewcomers (Spanishmostly) • Frequent conflicts when their land were endangered firstwithMexicans, laterwithgoldminers (‘The ApacheWar’, 1850’s) and withthegovernmentwhichforcedtheremoval of an estimated 1,500 Apachefromthe Rio Verde IndianReservetotheIndianAgencyat San Carlos, 180 miles (290 km) away. Loss of severalhundredlives.
Apachestoday • 13 differentApachetribesin US. Today: fivein Arizona, fivein New Mexico, and threein Oklahoma • Each Arizona and New MexicoApachetribelivesonitsownreservation • EachApachetribe has itsowngovernment, laws, police, and services, justlike a small country.