Section A Unit Seven BOOK II

1. New Horizon College English Section A Unit Seven BOOK II • In this class we will • Read about coping with stress • Appreciate the expository skills demonstrated in the text • Master the key language points and grammatical structures • Conduct a series of reading, listening and speaking activities • 5. Learn to write a paragraph of cause and effect • 6. Learn to lighten your stress and cherish your life • Objectives 张庆云 College English Department

2. Lesson Plan • Warming-up activities • Text understanding • Further development

3. Picture description Warming-up Life stress Describe their suffering. What causes their suffering?

4. Topic Discussion: Warming-up College stress 1.What pressures do you have after you entered the university? 2. What major stress do you think college students will experience at different stages?

5. Freshmen Sophomores Juniors Seniors Inner ability to adapt to new environment Interpersonal relationship Emotional problem Job hunting Major stress for college students

6. Video watching: Job stress and health illness lower jobs Stress is another factor that can lead to ______. It’s not that stress causes a flu per se, but it can ______ your body’s resistance by depressing the immune system. For many, a major source of daily stress is their _____, and stress levels can be particularly high in a big city _________ room, like this one. And unfortunately, catching a cold is the least of a ___________worker’s worries. emergency stressed-out Warming-up

7. Stress— Good or bad?

8. Text understanding Get a general impression Spot the big parts Search details Find out ways of effective writing Summary

9. Get a general impression • We guess the text is about …… • Read the title • Glance the text • Relate our knowledge & experience • Make guesses • Then we give the main idea…… • exert great impact upon • both physically and psychologically • excess stress • increases in • bring damage to • be attributed to • to cope with stress • take charge of • lighten the load • learn to fit in with the life. Skimming task Reference words

10. How is the text organized? Reexamine the title Does the title tell you what kind of writing the passage is? • This text is a piece of exposition, narrated in the third person. • Analytical Informative • We spot the big parts: • Scan the text • Find out the topic sentences • Search the relationship among paragraphs • Summarize each big part Spot the big parts

11. Analysis of each part Part I (Paras.1-6) The relation between stress and health discovered by Dr. Robert S. Eliot. Text organization Part II (Paras. 7-11) The root of stress. Part III (Paras. 12-20) The ways of lightening the load.

12. Text understanding Get a general impression Spot the big parts Search details Find out ways of effective writing Summary

13. Read Part I and think whether you havethis kind of experiences. Stress and control Language experiencing • spin out of control • beyond your control • feel / be overwhelmed • (not) take charge of • become “Hot reactors” Feel completely helpless people who are hot tempered

14. to feel / be overwhelmed (with…) (L. 1) 当北京成功地获得了2008年奥运会主办权时，举国上下都沉浸在激动和喜悦之中。 • The whole nation was overwhelmed with excitement and joy when Beijing succeeded in bidding for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. Sentence

15. So says Dr. Robert S. Eliot…(Para.3) Sentence analysis • Inverted sentence • “So” refers to… • Why inverted? • Long subject • New information of the sentence • Keep the sentence in balance • Achieve the end-weight (末尾加重原则） • Leave the complex structure towards the end of the sentence • End-focus (末尾焦点原则） • Leave the new information towards the end of the sentence Part I

16. Suddenly the students asked an embarrassing question, and then a complete and deathlike silence followed. Suddenly the student asked an embarrassing question, and then followed a complete and deathlike silence. Those who have achieved success after long and hard work are happy indeed Happy indeed are those who have achieved success after long and hard work. Rewrite the sentence

17. Translation 情况就是这样，我们必须立即采取措施阻止他们。 _______________:we must take immediate action to stop them. Such is the case • 更为重要的问题是：孩子们应该受到与他们年龄相当的教育。 More important is the issue that the kids should receive education suitable to their age.

18. levels uncertainty perceived professional have no root perfectionists delegate emphasis Part II :What causes the stress in one’s life? The main factors causing harmful _____ of stress are fear, ___________ and doubt, together with __________ lack of control. For ____________ women and people who _________ direction in life, many people believe anger is the _____ of their stress. The former always think good enough is never good enough because they are ____________ and they cannot ________, while the latter give the same _________ to a traffic jam that that they give a family argument. Paras 7-11 Blank filling

19. What kind of people does the author use to illustrate “ the root of their stress is anger”? Part II Professional women People with no life goals Paras 8-9

20. What’s common in professional women? (2) Good enough is never good enough. They cannot delegate. Cause Effect They get angry and they blow their tops. Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle again.

21. What’s common in professional women? (1) They have to be all things to all people and do it all perfectly. They think, ‘I should, I must, I have to’. More a suggestion than an obligation Under pressure from herself Under greater pressure from circumstances / external rules

22. Those people with no life goals • Give the same emphasis to …that … • Stir in their own juice • Find no safety outlet • Blow apart Paras 10-11

23. They give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument. “That” in the sentence pattern actually introduces an attributive clause defining “the same emphasis”. 我们应该像重视工作一样重视休闲。 We should ________________________leisure activities that we give work. give the same emphasis to 我们应该像重视智力一样重视勤奋。 We should give the same emphasis to diligence that we give intelligence.

24. There are always some children that are out of control. He seldom blows his top. He is stirring in his own juice from missing his wife. This job provides an excellent outlet for his artistic impulse. Language using • 1. be out of control 2. blow one’s top 3. stir in one’s own juice 4. safety outlet • 总有些孩子不听管教。 • 他很少有火冒三丈的时候。 • 他经受着思妻的煎熬。 • 这项工作为他的艺术冲动提供了一个绝妙的发挥机会。 Part III Up

25. Part III Paras 12-20 . The NICE factors—new, interesting, __________ experiences—are ______________ in order to calm yourself down. _____ Ben Franklin, you have to __________________. In order to face all the problems _____ which you have _____ control, you can’t fight or flee. You have to learn how to ____. challenging recommended Like set your priorities over little flow Blank filling

26. Part III: steps to calming yourself down • A. Learn to be less hostile • B. Get your compass out and decide • C. Realize … and learn to flow Attitude Analysis Solution Scanning task Paras 12-20

27. Language Practice Part III • Independent • keep sth. in mind • Priority • She used to be dependent on her parents; but now she likes to be financially independent of her family. • Keep this in mind that a good mood, regular exercise and a proper diet will contribute to your health. • What’s your priority at present? • Set priority • Take/have priority for sty. over sb. • Sty is a top priority • Prior • Prior to

28. Text understanding Get a general impression Spot the big parts Search details Find out ways of effective writing Summary

29. Part I Stress and health the stress in your life hurt your heart take charge of life So says Dr. Eliot… Paras 1-3 Coherence Quotation There are people called hot reactors”… Researchers have found stressed people… Paras 4-6 Eliot (a “hot reactor”) says …

30. Writing techniques • Parallelism • Simile • Metaphor • Analogy (类似，相似，类推/比） • A form of comparison • The working of heart --- actions of pump/worms • Analogy compares two things, which are alike in several respects, for the purpose of explaining or clarifying some unfamiliar or difficult idea or object by showing how the idea or object is similar to some familiar one. • Cause and effect structure (functioning) irregularly and without much power

31. Writing structure Cause 1:excess alarm or stress chemicals Para 5 Effect1:That bursts heart muscle fibers. Cause 2 Effect 2:It creates many short circuits, and that causes crazy heart rhythms. Cause 3 Effect 3:The heart beats like a bag of worms instead of a pump, and we can’t live. The argument:Stress leads to death.

32. Writing structure • Patterns: • One cause, one effect • One cause, multiple effects • Multiple causes, one effect • Chainlike causes and effects Cause and effect pattern Part II

33. Part II&III • Major Writing Techniques • Quotation • Direct & indirect quotation • Cause and effect structure • Exemplification

34. Text revisiting Question time

35. Comprehension check What does Eliot say in his book? • You may be hurting your heart if • ___________________________. • b. You need to learn to take charge of your life if • ___________________________. • Being tense may cause ____________________ • __________________________ for “hot reactors”. • d. Stressed people have ______________________. feeling angry and overwhelmed not wanting to break your heart tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure higher cholesterol levels

36. Comprehension check • _________________________________. • _______. FUD factors together with lack of control Anger What causes stress?

37. Comprehension check The anger is coming from • _________________________________. • _________________. a feeling that everything must be perfect not having compass

38. Words to know Cause Lead to Create Attribute to Contribute to As a result Consequently Expressions in a cause-effect writing • The effect is evident/obvious… • It will exert a profound influence… • It may cause a sweeping change… • It leaves some serious consequences… • It may give rise to a host of problems… • The immediate result it produces is...

39. Quiz • 1.He was __________ with grief at the news of his son’s death in accident.2. If you take more luggage than is allowed, you will have to pay for the ______ luggage.3.You must not judge people by their _______.4. Children need an ______ for their energy.5. you must learn to get your _______ right. overwhelmed excess exteriors outlet priority

40. Further development Discussion: How to lighten your load Enjoy a poem

41. Further discussion: How tolightenyour stress? S-t-r-e-s-s • What does each letter in the word “stress” stand for? S-t-r-e-s-s

42. How to lighten your stress? A friendly reminder S-t-r-e-s-s Scheduling Treat your body well Relax Expectations Sleep Smile Discussion What & how

43. How to Cope Effectively with the Stress in Life Writing task

44. Enjoy a poem Now we have more possessions, more fun and more excitement than we used to. But do we really enjoy happiness? Listen to the poem and think it over.

45. Think It Over… • Today we have higher buildings and wider highways, but shorter temperaments and narrower points of view; • We spend more, but enjoy less; • We have bigger houses, but smaller families; • We have more compromises, but less time; • We have more knowledge, but less judgment; • We have more medicines, but less health; • We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values;

46. We talk much, we love only a little, and we hate too much; • We reached the Moon and came back, but we found it troublesome to cross our own street and meet our neighbors; • We have conquered the outer space, but not our inner space; • We have higher income, but less morals; • These are times with more liberty, but less joy; • We have much more food, but less nutrition; • These are the days in which it takes two salaries for each home, but divorces increase; • These are times of finer houses, but more broken homes;

47. That’s why I propose, that as of today:You do not keep anything for a special occasion because every day that you live is a special occasion; • Search for knowledge, read more, sit on your front porch and admire the view without paying attention to your needs; • Spend more time with your family and friends, eat your favorite foods, visit the places you love; • Life is a chain of moments of enjoyment; not only about survival;

48. Use your crystal goblets. Do not save your best perfume, and use it every time you feel you want it. • Remove your vocabulary phrases like “one of these days” or “someday”; • Let’s write that letter we thought of writing “one of these days”! • Let’s tell our families and friends how much we love them; • Do not delay anything that adds laughter and joy to your life; • Every day, every hour, and every minute is special; • And you don’t know if it will be your last. The End

49. MORE STRATEGIES • “What is Stress” Web Site. http//www.teachhealth.com • How to reduce and relieve stress “Web Site. http//www.family.com • “Stress Relievers” Web Site. http//www.residentassistant.com • “Massage” Downing, G. (1972). Massage Book. New York: Random House. • “Aromatherapy” Web Site. http//www/aromaweb.com/articles/wharoma.as • “Yoga” Web Site. http//www.kevala.co.uk/yoga/overview.htr

50. Thank you!Value your life and grow up happily珍爱生命 快乐成长