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Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict

Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict. Late 1800’s to WW 1. Zionism: Theodore Herzl, a leading Jewish sympathizer, states that a Jewish homeland is needed to stop the violence against the Jews. Arabs (Ottoman Empire) are defeated in World War I by Britain, France, and USA.

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Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict

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  1. Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict

  2. Late 1800’s to WW 1 • Zionism: • Theodore Herzl, a leading Jewish sympathizer, states that a Jewish homeland is needed to stop the violence against the Jews • Arabs (Ottoman Empire) are defeated in World War I by Britain, France, and USA.

  3. Between the World Wars • Britain takes control of the Palestinian area. • Balfour Declaration: • Says Palestine is to be used for a Jewish homeland • Made by Britain • 680,000 Jews start to move to Palestine

  4. WW II • Hitler and the Holocaust • Adolph Hitler comes to power in Germany • 6 millions Jews were killed during his time in power all over Europe • Equal to 2/3 of the total Jewish population in Europe • Hostilities between Jews and Arabs in Palestine begin

  5. 1947-1948 • United Nations: • An agreement is made to end hostilities between Arabs and Jews. • Palestine is to be split in 2. • 650,000 Palestinians are to be moved from Jewish controlled areas. • 1948: Israel declares independence from Britain.

  6. 1948 War of Israel Independence • Israel is attacked by Syria, Lebanon, Jordon, Egypt, and Iraq. • Israel defeats all of the Arab countries back and gains more territory.

  7. Suez Crisis- 1956 • Egypt attempts to control a Canal from the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea to stop supplies getting to Israel. • Britain and France send troops to stop Egypt. • Israel joins in and attacks Egypt • This heightens tensions between Egypt and Israel.

  8. The PLO • Palestine Liberation Organization • Formed in 1964 • Aim is to free Palestine from Israeli control through force • Leader is Yasir Arafat • PLO leads many attacks on Israeli civilians and military

  9. 6 Day War- 1967 • Seeing Egypt, Syria, and Jordon are getting ready to attack Israel, Israel attacks all 3 countries at the same time. • Israel is able to quickly defeat all three • Israel takes land from all 3 countries • Israel doubles in size

  10. Yom Kippur War- 1973 • Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur • Israel again successfully defends itself with no changes in borders. • Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending oil to Western countries like the United States. • Gas shortages occur • Spill over into US and Russia • Russia supplies Arab countries with weapons • US supplies Israel with weapons • Tensions rise between US and Russia

  11. Peace Process Starts 1978 • Camp David Accords • US President Jimmy Carter meets with leaders from Israel (Begin) and Egypt (Sadat). • Israel agrees to give back territory to Egypt • Egypt agrees to recognize Israel’s independence • Sadat is assassinated shortly afterward by Muslim extremists who don’t want peace.

  12. Intifada 1980’s • Groups of regular Palestinian civilians begin an uprising against Israel’s military occupation.

  13. Israel and Iraq- 1981 • Fearing Iraq may be making nuclear weapons, Israel destroys Iraq’s nuclear factories.

  14. Israel Invades Lebanon- 1982 • Invades because PLO headquarters is in Lebanon’s capital, Beirut • Israel’s attacks to stop the PLO’s attacks

  15. Peace Agreement- 1988 • Israel and the PLO agree to cease-fire and for Israel to return to their pre 6 Day War boundaries.

  16. Oslo Peace Process- 1993 • US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat. • West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to Palestinians to run. • Israel is promised peace

  17. Rabin is Assassinated- 1995 • During a peace rally following the Oslo Accords, Rabin is assassinated by an Israeli militant who was against peace.

  18. Modern Violence 1995-2005 • Second Intifada: • More violence against Israelis for their continued military presence in Palestinian areas. • Israel reacts: • Israel sends troops to West Bank and Gaza • Israel starts building fence around the Gaza Strip

  19. Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006 • An extremist group called Hezbollah takes control of Lebanon • Israeli soldiers kidnapped • Rocket attacks start • Israel invades Lebanon to stop the attacks • Invasion succeeds and attacks stop

  20. Hamas in the Gaza Strip- Today • In retaliation of Israel’s continued military presence in the Gaza Strip, the group Hamas starts launching rockets into Israel • Israel reacts by bombing the rocket sites and sending troops into Gaza.

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