1 / 16

Earth Science

Earth Science. With Mr. Thomas. Stars. cont. Characteristics: Early Observations: - Constellations: Groups of stars that depict an object, often used for navigation. - Examples include the Big & Small Dippers, Orion, and Pegasus.

aislin
Download Presentation

Earth Science

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Earth Science With Mr. Thomas

  2. Stars cont. • Characteristics: • Early Observations: • - Constellations: Groups of stars that depict an object, often used for navigation. • - Examples include the Big & Small Dippers, Orion, and Pegasus. • - The positions of the constellations change with the seasons.

  3. Stars cont. • Apparent Magnitude: • - A measure of how bright a star appears to an observer on earth. (The lower the magnitude number, the brighter the star!) • Distance: • - Since things in space are so far apart, to measure in km’s would result in astronomically sized #’s! So we use: Astronomical Units (AU)

  4. Stars cont. - One astronomical Unit is equal to the distance from Earth to the Sun: - The nearest star (Proxima Centauri) is about 260,000 AU away (or 40 trillion km), so even with astronomical units, the numbers are getting really big, so we can use: 1 AU = 150 million km Light Years

  5. Stars cont. • One light year is the distance that light travels in one year. • Since light travels at a speed of • This distance is 300,000 km/s 9.5 trillion km

  6. Stars cont. • Proxima Centauri is about 4.2 light years away, or in other words, light takes 4.2 years to travel from that star to Earth! • So if a star is 75,000 light years away, it took that light 75,000 years to reach Earth, so the light we see is • 75,000 years old!!

  7. Stars cont. • Parallax: • - A change in an object’s direction or location due to a change in the observer’s position.

  8. Stars cont. • Star Elements: • The most abundant elements in stars are hydrogen and helium. • Temperature, color, and luminosity are given in the ESRT’s pg. 15. • Luminosity is the actual brightness of a star as compared to our sun and is only dependant upon size and temperature.

  9. Stars cont. • Absolute Magnitude: • A measure of how bright a star would be if all stars were the same distance from the Earth.

  10. Life Cycle of Stars: • The stars in our universe are at different stages in their life cycles. • These stages are outlined with distinct groups in the • or Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram H-R Diagram

  11. The H-R Diagram

  12. Life Cycle of Stars: • Beginning: • Nebula – Gas cloud • 2nd Step: • A) Star like our sun • B) Red Supergiant

  13. Life Cycle of Stars: • End Result: • A) Black Hole • B) Neutron Star

  14. Galaxies • Defn.: Systems containing millions or billions of stars and orbiting planets. • Types of Galaxies: Spiral Irregular Elliptical

  15. Origin of the Universe • Big Bang Theory: • The entire universe was created after a large explosion. • Evidence: • Expanding Universe (Red Shift) • Cosmic Background Radiation

  16. That's it for Today!

More Related