Texas Instruments Ultra-low-power µController

1. Texas Instruments Ultra-low-power µController The Solution for Battery Powered Measurement Three Phase Electricity Meter Solution Vincent Chan TIHK Nov. 2001

2. Class 0.5 accuracy for 5-20A, 100-300V nominal voltage at 50-60Hz (options for 5-60A) Programmable multi-tariff systems, provide 40kb of non- volatile memory (FLASH) for data logging. Provide advance power measurement features such as Power Factor, Active, Reactive power, Peak power, Peak demand time etc. One button, fully automatic calibration to simplify manufacturing Full temperature range from –40 to +85 °C Standby power consumption of 3mA with real time clock and calendar functional. 10+ years of standby time. Built in Temperature sensor for automatic compensation. Design Targets

3. In system reprogrammability through serial port with 256 bit password. Open source code provided in C, Flash MCU can be easily reprogrammed to different customers’ requirements low cost, easy to use development tool, on site diagnosis using a notebook PC. Optional US or Europe ISM Band r-f AMR (automatic metering reading) capability available. Design Targets contin.

4. 1、在5-20A电流时可达0.5级精度，50-60Hz的额定电压为100-300V1、在5-20A电流时可达0.5级精度，50-60Hz的额定电压为100-300V 2、可编程复费率系统，提供60K的非易失性FLASH存贮空间。 3、提供预付费电力测量特性如：功率因子、有功率、无功功率峰值电压、峰值功率需要量时间等 4、单键全自动校准以便制造简单 5、工业级标准，温度范围从-40℃-85℃ 6、静态电流为3μA，此时实时时钟还在运行，以便实现日历功能 7、内置温度传感器可以用来自动补偿 8、在串行口上通过256位口令校验，可进行系统重复远程编程。 9、提供开放式C语言源代码，MSP430FLASH型的MCU可按照不同消费者的要求实现二次编程。 10、低廉、易操作的开发工具，可用笔记本电脑进行现场诊断。 11、可选择美国或欧洲ISM波段（ARM）进行RF无线自动读取测量数据 Design Targets contin.

5. Single Chip 3 phase electricity measurement LCD Glass CT + Pre-amp phase 1 Error phase 2 phase 3 p.f. Phase 1 Phase 3 Phase 2 Neutral MSP430F44X 160 segment LCD Driver 16 bit RISC Autoscan A0 200ksps 12bit ADC ADCMEM0 32 bit MAC A1 ADCMEM1 A2 ADCMEM2 A3 ADCMEM3 A4 ADCMEM4 A5 ADCMEM5

6. Demonstration PCB board Op-amp LM358, TLC279 MSP430F449 Includes 60K flash ROM and LCD Driver CT: Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Power pulse LEDs Battery slot

7. MSP430F44X Flash Family - Key Features Flexible Peripherals • Fast 12-bit A/D Converter (8 ext. & 4 int. channels, conversion time <10 µs) • 6/10 channels of 16 bits Timer • 1* (or 2**) USART 115.2kb UART at 60uA 4800b UART at 2uA • Hardware Multiplier** • On-chip Comparator for Analog Signal Compare • Built in LCD driver • In System Programming • Built in debug logic RUN THE MARATHON,NOT THE MILE. TI’s Flash MSP430 MCU reducespower consumption drastically,so your batteries run longer. Ultra-low Power Consumption • 1.8 V ... 3.6 V Supply Voltage Range • 200 µA Active Current @ 1MHz, 2.2V • 0.7 µA Stand-by Current (10 years battery life) • 0.1 µA RAM Retention Off-mode Current • 6 µs Wakeup from Standby Mode Powerful CPU Core • 16-Bit RISC Architecture, (27 instructions) • 125 ns Instruction Cycle Time at 8 MHz * MSP430F13x ** MSP430F14x

8. P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 Power I/O Port 1/2 I/O Port 3/4 I/O Port 5 16 I/O’s with interr. capability 16 I/O’s with interr. capability 8 I/O’s with interr. capability on Reset 12 bit ADC Timer_B7 Timer_A3 Comparator A Watchdog 8 channels Timer 7 CC Register 3 CC Register 15 / 16 bit <10us conv. Shadow Reg. MSP430F44x Configuration XIN1 XOut1 DVCC DVSS AVCC AVSS RST/NMI Rosc Oscillator System Clock RAM 1 KB 2 KB 2 KB Flash 32 KB 48 KB 60 KB ACLK COMM port XIN2 Two XOut2 SMCLK USARTs MCLK MAB, 16bit Test MAB,4bit CPU JTAG MCB incl. 16 reg. Break Bus point conv. Logic MDB, 16bit MDB,8bit TEST/ VPP Hardware MPY Basic Timer 1 LCD 160 1 interrupt Segment 1-4 MUX vector 8 100 pin QFP R23 A0..7 R03 R13 R33

9. MSP430F44x/43x ADC12 • 12-bit ADC (succ. appr.) • +/- 1 LSB (DNL/INL) • Selectable reference 1.5V or 2.5V • 8 Analog channels external plus 4 internal • Integrated temperature sensor • Fast conversion (200ksps) • Adjustable sample time • Integrated Sample & Hold • Single channel or multiple channel measurement

10. System block diagram LCD Glass phase 1 Error phase 2 phase 3 p.f. Display Driver JTAG Interface Phase 1 RTC+Calendar Flash 60K Diagnostics Phase 2 Program 20K MSP430F44X Built in scan mem ADC Electricity Measurement Signal Processing 16 BIT RISC MCU Data Log 40K Phase 3 Automatic Meter Reading Unit Communication UART/SPI Automatic Calibration FLL Power control + Backup 32kHz Reference meter

11. Auto-range and sampling Vref = 2.5V Vref+ Auto range Veref+ + Vref _ 4096 I 4096 + Veref- =1/4*Vref 0000 _ 0000 Phase 1 Control Sampling V 12bit ADC V’ V’ V’ I I V’ I’

12. Signal Chain V’ averaging v X 12bit ADC scaling I Phase correction i V’ Floating point Energy Power DC extraction Auto range Reactive Pulse output I: dc level Vref - GND Active V: dc level Veref+ - Veref- Power Factor Phase Angle

13. CT phase delay compensation f Coefficients table Df i + A X P’ Phase Delay Detection (floating point) Fixed delay Z-1 k fractional phase delay P X v FIR: fractional delay: Phase delay detection: I(n) = [ I(n-1) * k +I(n) ]*A Fixed delay = 60o P’/P = cos(60+f)/cos(f) = cos(60)-sin(60)sin(f)/cos(f)= ratio If Q = [cos(60)-ratio]/sin(60)] F = arc_cos[ square_root(1/(Q^2+1))]

14. Power measurement features DF DF+g i -Dg + A X P’ Phase Delay Detection (floating point) Fixed delay Z-1 k fractional phase delay P X v P F Phase Angle = F Power Factor = cos(F) Active Power = P Reactive Power = P tan(F)

15. phase 1 p.f. Calibration set up Reference Meter Meter under Test Power Supply Ph 1 Ph 2 Ph 3 • Simple set up, need one reference meter • Fully automatic calibration for each phase in turn. • Compensate for 3 CT’s phase-lag. • Results stored in Flash UPF Load

16. Development Environment Target System JTAG Interface IAR C-SPICE

17. TI FLASH means low cost Emulation Tools! New MSP-FET430P440 New Development Kit for x13x / x14x family members Complete low-cost application development tool based on integrated emulation logic emulates F433, F435, F447, F448, F449 Hardware: • Development Board including PC parallel cable, JTAG cable, socket, F149 samples Software: • CD - ROM with complete documentation,IAR “KickStart” Development Environment, Simulator, Debugger, Assembler/Linker, limited C-Compiler (1KB Code), Functionality: • Download, Update, run and debug code from PC under JTAG control • Programming of the Flash memory • Full speed operation via internal Emulation Logic (3 Breakpoints possible) Price: • 99$ suggested resale price

18. 三相电表原理图(一)

19. 三相电表原理图(二)

20. 三相电表原理图(三)