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OSHA

OSHA. Unit 4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Formed in 1970 Prevent workplace injuries and illness Death rate cut in half since 1970 17 persons die every day on job. Organization of OSHA. Staff of 2209 (1113 inspectors) Budget of 336.5 million

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OSHA

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  1. OSHA Unit 4

  2. Occupational Safety and Health Administration • Formed in 1970 • Prevent workplace injuries and illness • Death rate cut in half since 1970 • 17 persons die every day on job

  3. Organization of OSHA • Staff of 2209 (1113 inspectors) • Budget of 336.5 million • Addresses 100 million persons at 6 million workplaces • Completes 34,264 inspections/year

  4. Cooperative Compliance Programs • Set up in industries with high risks • Voluntary Protection Program • 337 companies serve as models of excellence • 1996-97: Eliminated 981 Federal Register pages of regulations and put 616 pages in “plain English”

  5. Enforcement • Unannounced visits • Priorities established for life-threatening injuries or 3 or more hospitalizations related to workplace • Employee complaints • High hazard industries

  6. Rate of Injuries • 7.4/100 in 1996 • 2.2/100 serious injuries • Total of 6.8 million injuries and illnesses per year: 5.8 million injuries, 459,000 illnesses (64% repeated illness/trauma), 6,112 fatalities

  7. Medicare • Social Security Act of 1935 • Title XVIII: Medicare in 1965 • Period of Great Society • Funded by taxes • Administered by HCFA • Nation’s largest health insurance company - 38 million Americans

  8. Budget and Coverage • Budget: $200 billion • Coverage: People who are at least 65 years old; people who are disabled; and people with permanent kidney failure • Entitled to Part A • Pay for Part B as an option

  9. Parts A and B • A. Hospital Insurance: inpatient, skilled nursing, home health, hospice, but not custodial care • B. Doctor services, outpatient, medical equipment and supplies, other health services

  10. Changes in 1999 • HMO and PPO options • Medical savings accounts

  11. Medigap Coverage • For copayments and deductibles • After deductible, Medicare pays 80% of approved charges for rest of year

  12. Areas not covered • Custodial care • Dental care • Routine check-ups • Immunizations • Rx • Foot care, eye glasses, hearing aids, etc.

  13. HMO Benefits • Provide optional benefits • Some states using HMOs and PPOs to administer Medicare program • Information available at Social Security offices and on WEB

  14. Medicaid • Title XIX • Health insurance program for low-income people • State-federal partnership for funding • States have authority to set standards for eligibility, covered benefits, and payment rates

  15. Eligibility • 33 million eligible for Medicaid • Low income families with children • Aged • Blind or disabled on SSI • Low income pregnant women and children • People with high medical bills

  16. Basic Services Offered • Inpatient and Outpatient hospital services • Lab and Xray • Skilled nursing and home health • Doctors services • Family planning • Health checkups

  17. Services Covered Continued • Diagnosis and Treatment for children • Rural health services • PNP and FNP services • Nurse Midwife services • EPSDT for under age 21 • Optional: optometry, pharmacy, intermediate care, dental

  18. Trends • Payment of intermediate acute care and home health for aged, disabled • 1995: 1/4 of contracts with managed care

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