21 st Century American Foreign Policy

1. 21st Century American Foreign Policy Dr. Bruce W. Jentleson

2. “Commencement” Lecture • I. The Making of US Foreign Policy • II. Utility of the 4 Ps Framework • III. Key Issue Areas • IV. Our 21st Century World

3. I. The Making of US Foreign Policy • “Water’s Edge” Myth • Domestic political consensus more the historical exception than rule • Consensus not always a good thing • Political conflict over foreign policy not always a bad thing • The Constitution and “Pennsylvania Avenue” diplomacy • Politics, of course, but also structural: “invitation to struggle,” separation of powers • Democracy and interest groups, media, public opinion

4. II. Utility of the 4 PS Framework • “National interest” as not as straightforward as often claimed • Components: Power, Peace, Prosperity, Principles • Analytic utility: help understand choices and priorities, why what was done was done • Complementarity (great but infrequent) • Trade-offs (choices, more frequent) • Dissensus: major debates • Prescriptive utility: help decide what should be done • Peer Assessment #2

5. Foreign Policy Strategy Typology

6. III. Key Issue Areas • Asia’s Rising Strategic Importance: China and the Asia-Pacific Region • Middle East: Old and New Challenges --- War, Peace, Terrorism, Democracy • Europe Old Friend, Russia Old Adversary: Transition to 21st Century Relations • Latin America, Canada: History, Current Agenda • Africa: Persisting Old Issues, Pressing New Ones

7. IV. Our 21st Century World • What’s the world like in which the US (and every other nation-state) is pursuing its foreign policy? • An age of huge historical transformations: • End of the Cold War • Globalization • 9/11 • Information revolution, Technology • An “astronomical” approach:

8. The Ptolemaic Universe

9. The Copernican Universe

10. THANK YOU! • “Community of learning” • Lessons for politics • My thanks to you • @BWJ777 • “COMMENCEMENT”