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Adaptations of Land-dwelling Amniotes for Water Conservation

Learn how reptiles, birds, and mammals have evolved various adaptations to retain moisture and prevent water loss in their amniotic eggs and during pregnancy.

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Adaptations of Land-dwelling Amniotes for Water Conservation

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Reptiles, birds, and mammals are adapted for life on land.

  2. Amnion Protectsand surroundsthe embryo Amniotes can retain moisture. • An amniote develops inside a thin, tough, membranous sac as an embryo or fetus.

  3. Several characteristics help amniotes prevent water loss. • keratin forms a hydrophobic layer • larger size of kidneys and intestines increases water absorption

  4. Amniotes do not need to return to water to reproduce. • The amniotic egg is an almost completely waterproof container. • prevents embryo from drying out as it develops • each egg represents a large investment of energy

  5. Not all amniotes lay eggs. • reptiles such as garter snakes retain their eggs • most mammals develop inside the mother’s reproductive tract

  6. placenta umbilical cord uterus amniotic sac • The placenta is a membranous organ that develops in female mammals during pregnancy. • lines the uterine wall and partially envelops the fetus • carries nutrients from mother to embryo and removes wastes

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