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The Labor Movement

The Labor Movement. The Changing American Labor Force. Working Conditions. 10+ hours days Few “means of egress” No compensation for illness Occupational hazards Mine collapses Industrial Accidents. Child Labor. Child Labor. “Galley Labor”. Worker/Owner relationship

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The Labor Movement

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  1. The Labor Movement

  2. The Changing American Labor Force

  3. Working Conditions • 10+ hours days • Few “means of egress” • No compensation for illness • Occupational hazards • Mine collapses • Industrial Accidents

  4. Child Labor

  5. Child Labor

  6. “Galley Labor”

  7. Worker/Owner relationship • Paternalistic  Impersonal • Principles of Scientific Management

  8. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900

  9. The Molly Maguires(1875) JamesMcParland

  10. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: PinkertonAgents

  11. Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor • “scabs” • P. R. campaign • Pinkertons • lockout • blacklisting • yellow-dog contracts • court injunctions • open shop • boycotts • sympathy demonstrations • informational picketing • closed shops • organized strikes • “wildcat” strikes

  12. A Striker Confronts a Scab

  13. Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!

  14. Knights of Labor Knights of Labor trade card

  15. Goals of the Knights of Labor • Eight-hour workday. • Workers’ cooperatives. • Worker-owned factories. • Abolition of child and prison labor. • Increased circulation of greenbacks. • Equal pay for men and women. • Safety codes in the workplace. • Prohibition of contract foreign labor. • Abolition of the National Bank.

  16. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

  17. The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

  18. The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly

  19. Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

  20. Anarchy • Belief that all forms of government are harmful • Supreme belief in common sense

  21. Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

  22. Haymarket Martyrs

  23. Governor John Peter Altgeld

  24. The American Federation of Labor: 1886 Samuel Gompers

  25. How the AF of L Would Help the Workers • Catered to the skilled worker. • Represented workers in matters of national legislation. • Maintained a national strike fund. • Evangelized the cause of unionism. • Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. • Mediated disputes between management and labor. • Pushed for closed shops.

  26. Homestead Steel Strike (1892) Homestead Steel Works The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers

  27. Big Corporate Profits!

  28. The Socialists Eugene V. Debs

  29. The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union

  30. The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor

  31. Right-to-Work States Today

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