Branched Alkanes

1. Drill: Give the molecular formula & the condensed, skeletal, and complete structures of a hydrocarbon with the same # of carbons as the # of letters in your first name.

2. Branched Alkanes

3. Any hydrogen in a hydrocarbon chain can be substituted with another hydrocarbon group

4. H H HH-C-C-C-HH H Hpropane

5. H H HH-C-C-C-HH H Hpropane

6. H H HH-C-C-C-HH CH3 H_____propane

7. Substituents • The name for the hydrocarbon group that replaced the hydrogen

8. Substituents • The substituted hydrocarbon group is called an alkyl group • Suffix: -yl: hydrocarbon group

9. Branched Chains • When an alkane chain gets another hydrocarbon group substituted onto it • Branches: sidechains

10. Branched Chains C C C C C C C C C C

11. Naming Branched Chains

12. Drill: Name Each: H3C-CH2-CH3 C-C-C-C-C

13. ) Find the longest continuous carbon chain & name it as the main chain. The final name will end with the naming of the main chain

14. C Hexane • C C C C C C • C C C

16. ) Number each carbon in the chain; so that, the side chains will be connected to the lowest possible numbers on the carbons

17. C Hexane • C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 • C C C

18. ) Name the side chains or substituted groups, & precede them with the # of the carbon they are connected to & a dash

19. C 2-methyl • C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 • CC C • 2-methyl4-ethyl

20. ) If identical groups appear more than once, use prefixes: di for 2, tri for 3, tetra for 4, penta for 5, etc Examples: dimethyl, tripropyl, etc

21. C 2,2-dimethyl • C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 • CC C • 4-ethyl

22. ) Name the sidechains or groups in alphabetical order, but ignore the prefixes when doing so • Examples: ethyl comes before dimethyl, e < m

23. ) Separate numbers with commas, use hyphens between words & numbers, and write the alkanes as one word • Example: dimethylhexane

24. C • C C C C C C • C C C • 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane

25. ORG HW Draw both skeletal & condensed structures for an 8-carbon chain with 1-carbon & 2-carbon branches and name it.

26. Name the organic compound on the board

27. Drill: Name CH3 CH2 H3C-CH-CH2-CH-CH-CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3

28. 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane CH3 CH2 H3C-CH-CH2-CH-CH-CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3

29. Name the organic compound on the board

30. Deriving Structures from Names • Draw the main chain first • Look to the name ending • Draw the branches • Look to the # & group name

31. Draw: • 3,4-diethyl-2-methyloctane • 2,3,5-trimethylhexane • 5-butyl-3-ethyl-2,6,8-trimethyl-4-propyldecane

32. Drill: Draw: 5-butyl-3-ethyl-2,6,8,9-tetramethyl-4,7-dipropyldecane

33. Isomers • Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different shapes

34. Types of Isomers • Structural or skeletal • Geometric or cis/trans • Functional • Positional • Optical

35. Structural Isomers • When there are differences in the carbon chains

36. Structural Isomers • C-C-C-C-C • C • C-C-C-C C-C-C • C C

37. Structural Isomers • C-C-C-C-C • C • C-C-C-C C-C-C • C C

38. Structural Isomers • Pentane • methyl dimethyl butane propane

39. Draw & name all the possible structural isomers for C7H16

40. Organic HW:Draw & name all the possible structural isomers for C6H14

41. Drill: Name: C-C-C C C-C-C-C-C-C-C C C-C

42. C-C-C C C-C-C-C-C-C-C C C-C

43. 3,5-diethyl-3,5-dimethyloctane

44. Test_____day

45. Drill: Name & describe 5 organic prefixes & 4 organic suffixes

46. Test on Alkanes tomorrow

47. Review

48. Identify • Organic terms • Organic prefixes • Organic suffixes

49. Name: CH3-CH2 H3C-CH-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2 CH3

50. CH3-CH2 H3C-CH-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2 CH3