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Research Issues Air/Water Relationships

Research Issues Air/Water Relationships. Jim Giraytys Certified Consulting Meteorologist James Madison University. Where do we live?. At the interface of two fluids - Air and Water.

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Research Issues Air/Water Relationships

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  1. Research IssuesAir/Water Relationships Jim Giraytys Certified Consulting Meteorologist James Madison University

  2. Where do we live? At the interface of two fluids - Air and Water Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  3. Direct Air - Water LinkThe NOx Airshed is 6.5 times size of watershed; it accounts for ~76% of nitrate deposition; and includes roughly 13 states. The NHx Airshed is 4 times size of watershed; it accounts for ~47% of ammonia/um deposition; and includes roughly 12 states. Kerchner and Artz NOAA Air Resources Lab Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  4. Discussion Items • Observations • Data Analysis • Modeling • Decision Support Since there are many who will speak to specific research needs, I will discuss the general research needs that apply to both the water and the air. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  5. Discussion Items • Observations • Real and post time • Surface • Boundary layer • Satellite • Ground Truth • GIS • Land use • Resources Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  6. Surface Met Station At Blandy Research Station PM 2.5 TEOM At Rest And Ozone monitor In background Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  7. LIDAR for Boundary Layer Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  8. Baltimore, MDSummer 2004 http://alg.umbc.edu/usaq ("Smog Blog") Old Town TEOM MODIS AOD July 21 Mixed down smoke July 9 High altitude smoke Aug 24 Transported haze Aug 10 Normal haze PM2.5 (g/m3) MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  9. Lidar Measurements of Boundary Layer Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  10. Cirrus from Lidar Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  11. MODIS satellite views of haze and smoke Classic frontal structure. Warm front extending to right: cold front behind: occluded front where the two join and extending to upper left. Haze in the warm sector ahead of the cold front. Smoke from forest fires curling over North and South Dakota under the influence of upper air winds. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  12. Discussion Items • Data Analysis and assimilation Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  13. Data Analysis and Assimilation • Collect and assemble the data sets • Perform quality control • Prepare data for assimilation into the models and directly produced products • Identify additional data sets that are needed • There needs to be some center in the Valley that can do the data analysis and assimilation. At present the Valley relies on a number of different agencies to do this assimilation. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  14. Discussion Items • Modeling • Three universities within the region are strong on modeling. - • Virginia Tech (atmosphere, air pollution, water) • UVA, (climate) and • GMU (water and atmosphere) • National Weather Service provides general and specific atmoshpere and air quality products for the Valley • USGS models ground and surface water flows • EPA models air and water quality • NASA models atmosphere THERE NEEDS TO BE A PLAN FOR THE VALLEY THAT ADDRESSES THE MODELING NEEDS. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  15. Decision Support Process Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  16. Hazard Prediction Assessment Capability (HPAC) Model Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  17. HPAC Model Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  18. HPAC Model Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  19. HPAC Model Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  20. HPAC Model Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  21. Summary • Airsheds and watersheds are not the same • What parameters to be measured • Valley specific set of observations are needed • Network configuration • A Valley center needs to be established to collect, assess and make the data sets compatible with the modeling and other needs • Modeling - There is ample capability, but it needs to be focused • Products need to be developed that respond to specific user needs. Decision support tools are high on the list. • The transition from research to real time use is one of the most difficult to make. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  22. ERL: The main research facility for NOAA during the 1970s-1980s

  23. The Problem – How should we in NOAA build our Technology Transfer bridges? Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  24. Method 1 – The Policy Statement Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  25. - And its Response Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  26. Method 2 - The Mandate Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  27. - And its Products Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  28. Method 3 – The Committee Approach Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  29. - And their Magnum Opus Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  30. Method 4 – Assign the task to the Weather Service Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  31. - And their Creation! Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  32. Method 5 – Assign the task to ERL Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  33. - And their Masterpiece! Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  34. Finally, a Solution is Found Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  35. Method 6 – The Solution – Resources for All Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

  36. Shenandoah Valley Science Jim Giraytys

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