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Preventing Teen Pregnancy in Kent County Michigan

Preventing Teen Pregnancy in Kent County Michigan. Planned Community Change Group Project NURS 340 By : Patricia Burgess, Melissa Burleson, Kathryn Fox, Michelle Klenk , & Christy Tack. Nationwide Statistics. Over 400,000 teens aged 15-19 give birth in the United States annually.

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Preventing Teen Pregnancy in Kent County Michigan

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  1. Preventing Teen Pregnancy in Kent County Michigan Planned Community Change Group Project NURS 340 By: Patricia Burgess, Melissa Burleson, Kathryn Fox, Michelle Klenk, & Christy Tack

  2. Nationwide Statistics Over 400,000 teens aged 15-19 give birth in the United States annually. Teen births cost taxpayers over 9 million dollars each year. 1 out of 10 new mothers is a teen. In the last 20 years teen pregnancy rates have dropped 40%, but prevention still remains an important issue due to the impact on teen mothers and newborns. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011)

  3. The Facts Unintended pregnancy has serious social and economic costs including: Increased infant mortality and morbidity. Reduced educational attainment and employment opportunity. Greater welfare dependency. Increased potential for child abuse and neglect. Increased healthcare expenses. (Michigan Department of Community Health, 2009)

  4. Nationwide & Local Statistics Non-Caucasian teens are disproportionally affected by teen pregnancy Most teen mothers come from families with low socioeconomic status and disadvantaged backgrounds (Advocates For Youth, 2008) 9.9% of Kent County is composed of Hispanic citizens, nearly double Michigan rates. (“County health rankings, 2013) “The pregnancy rate among Latina teens is slightly lower than the rate among black teen girls and is over twice as high as the rate for non-Hispanic white teen girls” (The National Campaign, 2013, para 4).

  5. Michigan & Kent County Statistics In 2011 the Kent County pregnancy rates per 1,000 females was 61.4 (Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012) In 2011 the pregnancy rates per 1,000 females in the state of Michigan was 53.6 (Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012) Both Michigan and Kent Counties pregnancy rates have decreased since 2010 ("Estimated teen pregnancy”, n.d.) In 2010 Michigan was ranked 33 of 51 states among teen births ages 15-19 (with 1 being the highest) ("Michigan adolescent reproductive," 2013)

  6. Michigan & Kent County Statistics • Kent County is ranked 62 out of 83 counties in the state for births to mothers with no high school diploma or GED (Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012) • Kent County has over 70 different high schools that teens to attend (National Center for Education Statistics, 2013).

  7. Effects of Teen Pregnancy • Teen pregnancy and birth are significantly related to high school drop out rates. • Only about 50% of teen moms receive a high school diploma by the age of 22. • Children of teen moms are more likely to: • Have lower school achievement • Drop out of school • Have more health problems • Be incarcerated at some point in their adolescence • Give birth as a teenager • Face unemployment as an adult ("About teen pregnancy," 2012)

  8. Effects of Teen Pregnancy • Teen pregnancy is of high risk due to a lack of physical readiness for pregnancy, combined with risky lifestyle choices like smoking, drug abuse, and poor nutrition increase a chance of complications. • Babies born to teenage mothers often have low birth weight. • Pregnant teens are more likely to go into preterm labor placing mother and baby at risk. • (Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012)

  9. Community Diagnosis High incidence of teenage pregnancy, affecting teens ages 15-19 in Kent County,Michigan compared to State of Michigan rates related to lack of education, access to contraceptives, and social/cultural norms as evidenced by… The Kent County teen pregnancy rate is higher than Michigan and all comparison counties. The Kent county teen birth per 100 females ages 15-19 is nearly twice that of the national average.

  10. ("Estimated teen pregnancy," )

  11. Current Resources Safer Choices Project Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative of Michigan Planned Parenthood March of Dimes

  12. Current Resources • The President's Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative (TPPI), CDC is partnering with the federal Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) to reduce teenage pregnancy and address disparities in teen pregnancy and birth rates. • Creating, developing, and managing Youth Leadership Teams, Core Partner Leadership Teams, and Community Action Teams. • Providing teen friendly, culturally competent reproductive health care services that are easily accessible to all youth in the community.

  13. Sex education Three decades of national polling has shown that the majority of Americans, especially parents have supported comprehensive medically accurate sexuality education. Parents want their children to receive sex education that includes a variety of subjects: emotional aspects of sexual relationships, sexually transmitted infections, how to use contraception and condoms, sexual orientation, abortion and the consequences of becoming sexually active. Source(Michelle)

  14. Evidence Based Prevention and Programs • According to the PolicyForResults.org website (2010), the following programs have been shown effective in decreasing teen pregnancy rates: • Curriculum-based sex education • Service learning programs • Youth development programs • Parental programs • Community-wide programs • Clinic-based interventions • Abstinence and Contraception

  15. Evidence Based Prevention Programs Life skills refer to many pregnancy prevention programs that are increasingly being recognized as critical to their success. Consisting of activities that help students build decision-making skills, set goals for their lives, learn how to say no to sex and to negotiate within relationships. Role-playing exercises are becoming helpful in which students act out various situations they might encounter (Frost & Forrest,1995).

  16. Health Belief Model “A behavior change model that considers the severity of the potential illness or physical challenge, the level of conceivable susceptibility, the benefits of taking preventive action, and the challenges that may be faced in taking action toward the goal of health promotion (Harkness & DeMarco, pp.65)”

  17. Intervention

  18. What & Where? • May 1st 2013 is the National Day to Prevent Teen Pregnancy • Kent County High Schools & Alternative Education will encourage students to complete the interactive quiz offered by thenationalcampaign.org • Time during school hours will be provided for students to complete the quiz without missing classes • Planned Parenthood & the health department of Kent County will setup booths at Central High School & East Kentwood High • Booths will provide students with additional information and education on safe sex and pregnancy prevention

  19. Barriers Some of the barriers relevant to teenage pregnancy are lack of education and inconsistent use of prophylactics. Lack of resources for education on prevention of pregnancy and lack of access to prophylactics There are currently 78 high schools in Kent County and only three provide students with school based health clinics (MDCH Adolescent Health Centers, n.d., p. 3).

  20. What & Where? • Michigan Organization on Adolescent Sexual Health (MOASH) will dedicate one Facebook post (and tweet) to teen pregnancy prevention every day throughout the month of May. • These will include facts, personal stories, resources, news articles, promoting the National Day Quiz, and more. • Students and teens will be encouraged to ‘like’ them on Facebook and ‘follow’ them on Twitter

  21. Who will be involved?

  22. Outcome Evaluation Quiz results from National Teen Pregnancy Prevention Day will be available for comparison to last years results. Annual teen pregnancy rates will also help to measure effectiveness of interventions.

  23. Primary Prevention Education for abstinence, sexually transmitted disease prevention, and proper use of prophylactics for adolescents through school based programs. Health care through the health departments or in school based facilities. Education on where to gain access to prophylactics for low cost through the health department or in school health clinics. Delaying initiation of adolescent sexuality and increase access to contraceptives. (Foster & Forrest,1995).

  24. Secondary Prevention Education to the male population about abstinence. Boys are seldom talked to about the behavior in our society. Boys are more likely to abstain and think about the relationship in new ways (Foster & Forrest, 1995). Teens are more likely than adult women to receive late or no prenatal care, deliver pre-term, and deliver a baby at low birth weight(Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012). Provide access to health care in health departments or in school based facilities to ensure pregnant teens are both staying in school and getting proper prenatal care. Continue to initiate programs to change the behavior.

  25. Evaluation We need to acknowledge that even if there are multiple programs out there we could not eliminate teenage pregnancy. There are too many disparities intertwined to completely eliminate the problem. To reach the adolescent population at risk for premature sexual activity and pregnancy we need to develop efforts unique to the adolescent. Partnerships among National, state and local organizations.

  26. Outcomes • Increase the education for teenagers on sexual transmitted diseases, pregnancy, and abstinence. • Measured through quiz feedback • Increase the amount of school programs providing access to proper health care to teenagers in Kent County. • Continue to decrease the rate of teenage pregnancy in Kent County from the current rate 61.5/1000 to that of the rate of Michigan overall 53.6/1000 by 2020. • Increase the number by 10% for pregnant teenagers who receive adequate prenatal care by 2020. • Currently the rate is 78.4 %. (Kent County 2012 Health Improvement, 2012) .

  27. Outcomes-What Works! Research shows some common characteristics of effective curriculum-based based programs Convince teens that not having sex or that using contraception consistently and carefully is the right thing to do compared to laying out the pros and cons of different sexual choices. Last an effective amount of time (more than 3 hours) Committed leaders to the program who have adequate training in the subject. Actively engage participants and have them personalize the information. Address peer pressure. Teach communication skills. Reflect the age, sexual experience, and culture of young people in the program. (Michigan Department of Community Health, 2009)

  28. Resources • Advocates For Youth. (2008). Teen pregnancy prevention. Retrieved from http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/topics- issues/teen-pregnancy-prevention?task=view • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services (OSELS). (2011). Preventing teen pregnancy in the u.s.. Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/TeenPregnancy/? s_cid=vitalsigns_058 • County health rankings and roadmaps. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/michigan/2013/ measure/additional/56/data/asc-1 • Estimated teen pregnancy rates & population, females ages 15-19 kent county residents, 1989-2011. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.mdch.state.mi.us/pha/osr/chi/births/teenpreg/PREGCO.asp?DxId=1&CoCode=41&CoName=Kent • Kent County 2012 Community health improvement plan. (2012). Retrieved from Michigan Public Health Institute: www.kentcountychna.org/pdfs/KentCoCHNA_Final.pdf • Muray, D. (2011, August). Kent county schools ranked from top to bottom. Retrieved from http://www.mlive.com/news/ grand-rapids/index.ssf/2011/08/kent_county_schools_ranked_fro.html • National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Reproductive Health. (2012). About teen pregnancy. Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control website: http://www.cdc.gov/TeenPregnancy/AboutTeenPreg.htm • National Center for Education Statistics. (2013). High schools located in kent county. Retrieved from http://high-schools.com/report/mi/schools-in-kent-county.html • TEEN PREGNANCY PREVENTION INITIATIVE (2009). Retrieved from http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/ TPPI_Overview_302996_7.pdf • The National Campaign. (2013, April). Teen pregnancy and childbearing among latina teens. Retrieved from http:// www.thenationalcampaign.org/resources/pdf/FastFacts_TPChildbearing_Latinos.pdf

  29. Resources United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Adolescent Health. (2013). Michigan adolescent reproductive health facts. Retrieved from Office of Adolescent Health website: http://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/ adolescent-health-topics/reproductive-health/states/mi.html Kent County 2012 Community health improvement plan. (2012). Retrieved from Michigan Public Health Institute: www.kentcountychna.org/pdfs/KentCoCHNA_Final.pdf Frost, J., Forrest,J., 1995 Understanding the impact of effective teenage pregnancy prevention programs.,FamPlannPerspect. 1995 Sep-Oct;27(5):188-95.Alan Guttmacher Institute, New York, USA US Department of Health and Human Services. (2009). Putting What Works to Work: Curriculum based programs that prevent teen pregnancy. Michigan Department of Community Health. Retrieved from http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/What_Works_2009_-_Curriculum-Based_Programs_That_Prevent_Tee_303032_7.pdf WebWisekids.org. (2008), Be Seen. Retrieved from www.webwisekids.org/programs-facts-statistics-beseen.html

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