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The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints. Bones. Humerus trochlea of the humerus capitulum: spherical knob on lateral side medial and lateral epicondyle Ulnar Trochlear notch of ulna Olecranon Process on posterior aspect radial notch coronoid process ulnar tuberosity Radius Head

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The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

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  1. The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

  2. Bones • Humerus • trochlea of the humerus • capitulum: spherical knob on lateral side • medial and lateral epicondyle • Ulnar • Trochlear notch of ulna • Olecranon Process on posterior aspect • radial notch • coronoid process • ulnar tuberosity • Radius • Head • radial tuberosity

  3. The Elbow Joint • Classified as a ginglymus (hinge) joint • The ELBOW consists of 2 joints: • humeroulnar • olecranon process of the ulnar • distal aspect of humerus • radiohumeral • radial head has small amount of articulation with humerus (capitulum)

  4. Proximal Radioulnar Joint • Proximal radioulnar joint • articulation between radius and ulnar • not part of “hinge” joint • trochoid (pivot) joint • allows for forearm pronation/supination

  5. Movements • Elbow • Flexion • Extension • Forearm movements about the Proximal Radioulnar joint • Supination: Lateral rotation • Pronation: Medial Rotation

  6. Muscles • Anterior Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Pronator teres Pronator quadratus • Posterior Triceps brachii • Anconeus • Supinator

  7. Muscles • Elbow Flexors • biceps brachii • brachialis • brachioradialis • pronator teres

  8. Muscles • Elbow Extensors • triceps brachii • anconeus • Forearm Pronators • pronator teres • pronator quadratus • brachioradialis*

  9. Muscles • Forarm Supinators • supinator • biceps brachii • brachioradialis*

  10. Anconeus (p56) • Origin • posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus • Insertion • ulna, posterior surface of olecranon process • Action • elbow extension

  11. Biceps Brachii (p 57) • Origin: • long head: supraglenoid tubercle • short head: coracoid process • Insertion • radial tuberosity • Action: elbow flexion, supination, (weak shoulder flexor)

  12. Brachialis (p58) • Origin • Lower portion of anterior surface of humerus • Insertion • coronoid process of ulna • ulna tuberosity • Action • elbow flexion (‘true’ flexor)

  13. Brachioradialis (p59) • Origin • upper 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus • Insertion • styloid process of radius • Action • elbow flexion • supination (from pronated position to neutral) • *pronation (from supinated position to neutral)

  14. Pronator Quadratus (p60) • Origin • ulna, anterior-distal fourth aspect • Insertion • radius, anterior-distal fourth • Action • pronation

  15. Pronator teres (p61) • Origin • humerus, medial epicondyle • ulna, cornoid process • Insertion • radius, middle third, lateral surface • Action • pronation • elbow flexor

  16. Supinator (p62) • Origin • Humerus, lateral epicondyle • Ulna, supinator crest of ulna • Insertion • radius, lateral surface, upper 1/3 • Action • supination

  17. Triceps Brachii (p63) • Origin • long head: scapula, infraglenoid tubercle • lateral head: humerus, 1/3 lagteral-posterior surface • medial head: humerus, lower 3/4 of posterior surface • Insertion • olecranon process of ulna • Action • All heads: elbow extension • Long head: arm extension, arm adduction

  18. Summary • Elbow and Proximal Radioulnar Joints • Bones • Humerus, ulna, radius • Actions • Elbow (about humeralulnar joint) • flexion, extension • Forearm (about Proximal Radioulnar joint) • pronation, supination

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