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Kinetic and Potential Energy have many forms

Learn about kinetic and potential energy forms such as motion, thermal, electrical, light, sound, and understand the types of potential energy like elastic, gravitational, chemical, and nuclear. Discover how energy conversions occur and the laws of conservation of energy.

albertharris
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Kinetic and Potential Energy have many forms

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  1. Kinetic and Potential Energy have many forms

  2. Types of KineticMotionThermalElectricalLightSound

  3. 1. Motion Energy - Energy associated with movement of any object

  4. 2. Thermal Energy (Heat) - Total energy of the particles in an object

  5. Example: Heating causes the particles to move faster = more thermal energy

  6. 4. Electrical energy - Energy of moving electrons

  7. Example : electric outlet

  8. 5. Radiant or Electromagnetic (Light) energy Travels in waves

  9. Examples: lightbulb, microwave

  10. 6. Sound energy- Caused by an object’s vibrations

  11. Example : guitar, boombox

  12. 4 types of potential energy 1. Elastic P.E. Gravitation P.E. Chemical P. E. Nuclear.

  13. Gravitational P.E. - Energy of position due to height GPE = mass x gravity x height Gravity = 9.8 m/s 2

  14. Example of Gravitational PE

  15. Elastic P.E - Stored energy in something compressed or stretched.

  16. Example of Elastic PE

  17. Chemical Potential Energy Energy stored in chemical bonds Examples: food, gasoline

  18. 3. Chemical energy - Energy stored in chemical bonds

  19. Examples: wood, food, gasoline, batteries

  20. Calculating Potential Energy PE = (mass)(gravitational field strength)(height) or PE = m g h g = 9.8 N/kg Units: N/m or Joule (J)

  21. 7. Nuclear energy - Potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

  22. Example : nuclear power plants, sun

  23. Mechanical Energy Sum of the Kinetic and Potential energy

  24. Examples: most moving objects have mechanical energy

  25. Energy Conversions - A change from one form of energy to another

  26. Conversion example 1 Lamp : electrical energy converts to light energy

  27. Conversion example 2: Water heater : Chemical energy of gas to thermal (heat ) energy

  28. Conversion example 3: Human body : converts chemical energy in food to mechanical energy

  29. Energy is Conserved

  30. Energy is conserved

  31. Energy is Conserved

  32. Pendulum

  33. Law of Conservation of Energy • Energy cannot be created or destroyed • Energy can change from one form to another, but the total amount of energy always remains the same

  34. Conversion of Energy • Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but transformed from one form to another. • A waterfall has both kinetic and potential energy. • The water at the top of the waterfall has stored potential energy. • Once the water leaves the top of the waterfall, the potential energy is changed into kinetic energy.

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