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Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome. Nicolette Laird Period 3. What is Down Syndrome?. Also known as Trisomy 21 A person has 2 sets of Chromosome 21 They have 47 Chromosomes instead of the normal 46 Creates problems with physical and mental development Is not hereditary.

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Down Syndrome

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  1. Down Syndrome Nicolette Laird Period 3

  2. What is Down Syndrome? • Also known as Trisomy 21 • A person has 2 sets of Chromosome 21 • They have 47 Chromosomes instead of the normal 46 • Creates problems with physical and mental development • Is not hereditary

  3. Normal Genotype Vs. Down Syndrome Genotype Down Syndrome Genotype Normal Genotype

  4. Age Affects Down Syndrome • The chances of having a child with Down Syndrome increases with age • 30 years of age: 1 in 900 chance of having a child with Down Syndrome • 35 years of age: 1 in 350 • 40 years of age: 1 in 100

  5. Diagnosis • Diagnosis occurs at birth or shortly thereafter • Diagnosis is confirmed by a chromosome test • Karyotype: a test that shows chromosomes grouped by size, number, and shape

  6. Physical Attributes • Decreased muscle tone (hypotonia) • Excess skin at the nape of the neck • Flattened nose • Single crease in the palm of the hand • Small ears • Small mouth • Upward slanting eyes • Don’t grow to full height

  7. Learning • Children have delayed mental and social development • Learn and grasp topics at a slower pace than other children • Lack of muscle tone makes it difficult to talk and use fine motor skills(holding a pencil or building block towers)

  8. Health Problems • Heart defects • Loss of sight and hearing • Underactive thyroid • High blood pressure • Intestinal problems • Higher risk of childhood leukemia • Respiratory disorders

  9. Treatments • Currently no treatments for Down syndrome because it is a problem with the chromosomes • Treatment works on controlling symptoms and any medical problems that occur from the defect • Regular checkups and screening • Medications for any medical problems that might arise • Surgery • Counseling and support

  10. Helping a Child with Down Syndrome • Contact the National Down Syndrome Society about support groups • Create a strong bond between you and the child • Enroll the child in Early Intervention Services to help with movement and speech therapy • To help with delayed speech development, teach the child sign language so that the child can communicate

  11. Additional Resources • National Down Syndrome Society • http://www.ndss.org/ • National Association for Down Syndrome • www.nads.org/ • Mile High Down Syndrome Association • www.mhdsa.org

  12. Works Sited • http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/genetic/down_syndrome.html# • http://www.downs-syndrome.org.uk/component/content/article/38-health/190-6-how-does-downs-syndrome-affect-development.html • http://down-syndrome.emedtv.com/down-syndrome/causes-of-down-syndrome-p2.html • http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/down-syndrome • http://downsyndrome.com/down-syndrome-information/down-syndrome-education/ • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001992/ • http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/BUxWT11X/wnmpHw/Trisomy%2021%20highlighted.tif • http://10ka.edublogs.org/files/2008/08/chromosome2.jpg • http://www.mychildwithoutlimits.org/images/1/Understand/Understand___Girl_with_Down_Syndrome.jpg • http://www.palmbeachpost.com/multimedia/dynamic/00572/AmyKnowlton_572126e.jpg

  13. Fin

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