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The Beginnings of Islam. Coach Parrish OMS Chapter 10, Section 2. How did Islam Begin?. Islam teaches that in about 610 AD, the prophet Muhammad went into a cave to pray. An angel told Muhammad that people were worshipping idols and wanted him to spread a message. Arabian Peninsula.
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The Beginnings of Islam Coach Parrish OMS Chapter 10, Section 2
How did Islam Begin? • Islam teaches that in about 610 AD, the prophet Muhammad went into a cave to pray. • An angel told Muhammad that people were worshipping idols and wanted him to spread a message.
Arabian Peninsula • A group of people who lived in the Arabian Peninsula were called the Bedouins. • Bedouins were nomads who traveled from one oasis to the next for water.
The Prophet Muhammad • Muhammad was born and grew up in the trading center of Mecca. • Muhammad enjoyed walking around the mountains outside Mecca. He did so to think and pray. • When Muhammad was 40, he first heard God speak to him in the cave. Muslim – person who accepts the teachings of Muhammad.
Muhammad in Medina • In 622, Muhammad and his followers were invited to Yathrib, a city north of Mecca. • The movement became known as the hirja. The year of the hirja (622 AD) became year 1 in the Muslim calendar. • After the move, Yathrib became known as Medina.
Muslim Belief • A muezzin calls Muslims to worship in Mecca. • Every day, five times a day, Muslims are called to worship this way. Muslims will stop what they are doing to pray five times a day facing Mecca. • Some Muslims gather in a mosque – house of worship.
The Five Pillars of Islam • The Five Pillars of Islam are the basic beliefs of Muslims. • The fifth pillar, the hajj, is required only of those Muslims who are able to travel to Mecca.
The Quran • Quran – holy book of Islam. It contains the message that God gave to Muhammad. • Muslims believe that the original language of the Quran, Arabic, is best. Therefore, some Muslims travel to Mecca to learn.
The Role of Women • Before Islam, most people in the Arabian Peninsula felt that women were not equal to men. • The Quran taught that men and women were equal. Muslim women were not forced to marry and had the right to divorce.
A Split Among Muslims • A schism in the Muslim faith occurred after the assassination of Uthman (Muslim leader). • Muslims disagreed over who should be their next leader. The two groups split into Shiites and Sunnis. • Shiites argued that the next leader should be a male direct descendant of Muhammad • Sunnis argued that any Muslim man could lead. Today about 85% of Muslims are Sunni.
