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Understanding the Central Processing Unit: Hardware Essentials

Learn about the CPU, input and output devices, their functions, and considerations when choosing them for your computer. Explore the various devices available and their roles in enhancing your computing experience.

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Understanding the Central Processing Unit: Hardware Essentials

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  1. -CHAPTER 2 –Hardware

  2. Central Processing Unit

  3. Understand the Term Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Know What the CPU Does • The CPU is the brains within your computer. • It performs most of the calculations within the computer and is responsible for the smooth running of your operating system (Microsoft Windows) as well as your application programs, such as word-processors, spreadsheets and databases. • It is divided into 2 logical parts: • CU (Control Unit) • ALU (Arithmetic/Logic Unit)

  4. Input Devices

  5. Devices for Inputting Data • The Mouse • Used to ‘drive’ Microsoft Windows • The Keyboard • The keyboard is still the commonest way of entering information into a computer • Tracker Balls • an alternative to the traditional mouse and often used by graphic designers

  6. Devices for Inputting Data • Scanners • A scanner allows you to scan printed material and convert it into a file format that may be used within the PC • Touch Pads • A device that lays on the desktop and responds to pressure • Light Pens • Used to allow users to point to areas on a screen • Joysticks • Many games require a joystick for the proper playing of the game

  7. Devices for Inputting Data • Voice Input for PCs • Such as Microphone. • Web Cams • For sound and Video communication. • Digital Cameras • To store pictures digitally on disks.

  8. Output Devices

  9. Common Output Devices • VDU (Visual Display Unit) • The computer screen is used for outputting information in an understandable format for humans • Things to consider in screens: • Normal vs. Flat Screens • Size (diagonally) • VGA (256 colors, 640x480 dots max.)”VIDEO GRAPHIC ARRAY” • SVGA (more colors, higher resolution) • XGA (even higher resolution) • Graphics for games. • Computer presentation Projection Devices.

  10. Common Output Devices • Printers • There are many different types of printers. (Dot Matrix, Laser, Inkjet, DeskJet, Bubble Jet) • In large organizations laser printers are most commonly used due to the fact that they can print very fast and give a very high quality output. • Things to consider in printers: • Resolution • Resolution Image Enhancement • Printer Memory • Duplex Printing • Cost of printer peripherals (Toners)

  11. Common Output Devices • Plotters • A plotter is an output device similar to a printer, but normally allows you to print larger images. • Speakers • Enhances the value of educational and presentation products. • Speech synthesisers • Gives you the ability to not only to display text on a monitor but also to read the text to you

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