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Terascale Network Technology Workshop - Solutions for Lightpaths - Architecture, Control and Cost

Terascale Network Technology Workshop - Solutions for Lightpaths - Architecture, Control and Cost. Kim Roberts, & Michel Belanger Optical Systems July 17, 2005. A LightPath. A network connection that provides guaranteed capacity, constant latency, and high reliability.

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Terascale Network Technology Workshop - Solutions for Lightpaths - Architecture, Control and Cost

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  1. Terascale Network Technology Workshop- Solutions for Lightpaths- Architecture, Control and Cost Kim Roberts, & Michel Belanger Optical Systems July 17, 2005

  2. A LightPath • A network connection that provides guaranteed capacity, constant latency, and high reliability. • Provisioned by a control plane. • Megabits to Terabits per second • The optimum implementation can be L0, L1, or L2, depending on the capacity needed and facilities available Layer 2 Packet Ethernet Layer 1 Transport OC-192 Layer 0 Photonic Photons

  3. Challenges in using Lightpaths • Layer 0 Photons • Need to make the connection independent of optical physics • Need effective way of switching of lots of wavelengths – any to any • Layer 1 OC-192 • Need to map efficiently into the appropriate bandwidth • Need cost-effective switching of lots of STS-Ns • Layer 2 Ethernet Connections • Need to aggregate packets while preserving quality • Need cost-effective management of lots of VLANs

  4. Summary: Lightpath Solutions • Layer 0 Photons • Have made the connection independent of optical physics • WSS effective switch for lots of wavelengths • Layer 1 OC-192 • GFP/VCAT/LCAS maps efficiently into the appropriate bandwidth • OME and HDX effective switching for lots of STS-Ns • Layer 2 Ethernet Connections • L2SS aggregates packets while preserving quality • L2SS, RPR provides cost-effective management of lots of VLANs • RPR provides high reliability ring.

  5. Making Layer 0 Independent of Optical Physics • What is wrong with physics? • Solutions in CMOS

  6. TWc SMF-28 TWc E-LEAF SMF-28 E-LEAF SMF-28 E-LEAF Hurdle: Fiber Dispersion Management ROADM Photonic Cross-Connect Photonic Cross-Connect Photonic Cross-Connect Bulk dispersion compensation will not suffice

  7. Effect of Dispersion Transmitted Eye Eye after 320 km of Fiber

  8. Optical Nonlinearities • Self Phase Modulation (SPM) arises from the Kerr effect, where the amplitude of an optical signal changes its phase. • Rapid phase changes interact with chromatic dispersion to distort high capacity optical signals. • Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) is the similar effect between channels. • Other nonlinearities: Four wave mixing, SRS, SBS, MI • Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) is optical noise

  9. Issues with using present methods

  10. Dispersion Compensation Modules (DCM) • Coils of 1 to 20 km of special fiber • 3 to 9 dB of loss • One module for C, another for L band • $3k to $10k per module • Different slopes for different fiber types • Generally needed at each line amp site • Depending upon fiber type, system topology, span lengths. All the above still does not get us over the hurdle of full agility or address multiple line rates

  11. Layer 0 Solutions

  12. Transmitter Pre-compensation Rx Tx Optical modulator CD-1 D/A Digital data Recovered data D/A 0 laser

  13. Electronic Dispersion Compensation320 km of G.652 fiber, 2.5 dBm launched No Compensation

  14. Received Eye Diagram320 km of G.652 fiber, 2.5 dBm launched No Compensation WARP Compensation Overcomes Dispersion

  15. 10 Gb/s with no Traditional Dispersion Compensation Eye diagrams after transmission over standard G.652 fiber with Nortel WARP processing. 0 Km 1600 km 3200 km 5120 km

  16. 8.0 2003 2002 2001 2000 4.0 12.0 10.0 6.0 2.0 Forward Error Correction to mitigate noise Performance: Effective Coding Gain • Wraptor corrects an error rate of 0.38% to < 10-16 • Increased system gain and improved burst tolerance Shannon Bound @ 7% (~ 10.4 dB) WRAPTOR 3 dB WRAP10 0.13 um CMOS 6M gates 9.2 dB; 7% OH [dB] Coding Gain RS-8; 6.2 dB (G.975) 0.18 um CMOS 2M gates 7.4 dB; 7% BCH-20 TRIFEC 0.5 um BiCMOS 600K gates 4.2 dB BCH-3 FEC Aug 1996 0

  17. Simplified Optical Line  Enables Lightpaths Terminal Node AMP Node OADM Node Terminal Node OEO OEO DCF … DCF DCF Mux … Demux DCF DCF OEO OEO OEO OEO … Raman Raman Raman Mux … Demux DCF DCF DCF DCF DCF OEO OEO OEO WSS Node Terminal Node AMP Node Terminal Node OEO OEO OEO OEO OEO

  18. Tom Di PasqualeOptical SolutionsPaul DaspitAdvanced Technology Research

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