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PAPEA Paragraph Writing

PAPEA Paragraph Writing. Mr. Thomas. P-A-P-E-A Purpose-Audience Point-Evidence-Analysis. “ P-A ”. Purpose - why are you writing? To argue, analyze, compare, contrast, summarize, TCAP, college essays, writing directions, lab results, project proposal, process description, etc.

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PAPEA Paragraph Writing

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  1. PAPEA Paragraph Writing Mr. Thomas

  2. P-A-P-E-APurpose-AudiencePoint-Evidence-Analysis

  3. “P-A” • Purpose- why are you writing? • To argue, analyze, compare, contrast, summarize, TCAP, college essays, writing directions, lab results, project proposal, process description, etc. • Audience- to whom are you writing? • College admissions, teachers, editorial, texting friends, letters, emails, forms, etc. It is not part of the paragraph but I would like you to include it at the top of the page!

  4. “P-E-A” Point- The position the student makes: The topic sentence of a paragraph, the answer to a question, the main idea of the paragraph, restating the prompt, etc. Evidence-The information needed to prove the point: Examples, results of an experiment, research, data, quotes, equations, facts, observations, etc. Analysis- The HOW and WHY the evidence proves the point: Explain yourself! Show, don’t tell.

  5. PAPEA Example: Atticus Finch, one of the characters in the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird is a man of integrity. He defends Tom Robinson, a black man accused of raping a white woman, to the best of his ability, even though this goes against the society. He does it because he believes it is the right thing to do. He tells his children that if he did not defend Tom Robinson, he, "...couldn't hold up my head in this town" (Lee 75). He also refuses to allow the sheriff  let his son "off the hook" for killing a man in self-defense.  He says, “Heck, if this thing's hushed up, it'll be a simple denial to Jem of the way I've tried to raise him“ (Lee 75).

  6. Example continued: People who have integrity are those who do what is right and honest. Atticus does what is right, even though it goes against society.  He also insists that his son receives the appropriate punishment and gets no special treatment, because he wants to live honestly and wants to be an example for his son. Clearly, Atticus Finch is a man of integrity.

  7. Your Prompt • What is the reader to learn from The Old Man and the Sea? What is the overall lesson or moral that is conveyed? • Use your warm-up prompt to help you get started with this. This will be the basis of your point. • Example: • Upon reading The Old Man and the Sea, the reader might learn that _________________. • You need to have at least 3 quotes from the novel to prove your point.

  8. Quote Lead-ins • Now that you have practiced your citations we now need to work on lead-ins! • What do you need in a quote lead-in? • There are two elements to a quote lead in: • Speaker of the quote (even if it is the narrator) • Context of the quote (place, situation, who are they speaking to, why are they speaking)

  9. Why do you need a lead in? • To help explain the quote • To avoid having a “hanging quote” • To lead into analysis • To set up the quote for the reader who may not have read the novel • To help with transitioning throughout the essay • To show what you know about the quote

  10. Steps to follow for the lead-inList these for each quote you used for your citation practice • Speaker- • Context- • Quote- • Author and page number of quote

  11. Examples from The Great Gatsby • Speaker: Gatsby • Context: Gatsby’s second party in the novel where Daisy and Tom are there and have just left and Nick and Gatsby are discussing Daisy’s demeanor when she left. • Page: 116 • Quote: “Can’t repeat the past? Why of course you can!”

  12. Examples of the lead-in • As Gatsby is trying to hang on to his dream of he and Daisy being together he claims in response to Nick, “Can’t repeat the past? Why of course you can!” (Fitzgerald 116)

  13. Format for Citations in text • “The line you want to use from the text” (Last name of author page). • “The line you want to use from the text?” (Last name of author page) • “The line you want to use from the text!” (Last name of author page) • Example: “Everything was immense” (Blake 1).

  14. Practice • Use each of the quotes you cited correctly for this practice • For each of the quotes you now need to add a quality lead-in using speaker and context! • Be sure to have cited these quotes correctly.

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