1 / 58

COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE AND INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE AND INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. And we begin with the PAST…. BIOLOGY. Bios (Greek) =. Life. Logos (Greek) =. Study. Characteristics of Life ?. Move. Motile?. Reproduce. Make More?. Energy. Use Food?. 1 or + Cells. Form?. Grow. Get Bigger?. Complex.

alice
Download Presentation

COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE AND INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. COMPARATIVEVERTEBRATE AND INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY And we begin with the PAST…

  2. BIOLOGY Bios(Greek) = Life Logos(Greek) = Study

  3. Characteristics of Life? • Move Motile? • Reproduce Make More? • Energy Use Food? • 1 or + Cells Form? • Grow Get Bigger? • Complex Chemistry? • Wastes Gives Off? • Responds Environment?

  4. Characteristics of Life? • Move • Reproduce • Energy • 1 or + Cells • Grow • Complex • Wastes • Responds

  5. BIOLOGY Two Sub-fields: - BOTANY - ZOOLOGY

  6. BOTANY Plant Botane(Greek)= Study Logos(Greek)=

  7. ZOOLOGY Animal Zoon(Greek)= Study Logos(Greek)=

  8. Subdivisions of Zoology Anatomy Biochemistry Cytology Ecology Embryology Endocrinology EntomologyEvolution Genetics Herpetology Histology Ichthyology Morphology Ornithology Paleontology Parasitology Physiology Taxonomy Zoogeography

  9. TAXONOMY Can you define the term? - the science of classifying all living things by arranging them in groups according to the relationship of each to the others.

  10. TAXONOMY Stop here and completeBertie Bott’s Classification Key Activity

  11. TAXONOMY Original classification schemes: - were based on the idea of “fixity of species”. - were based on similarexternal features.

  12. Carolus Linnaeus - first to catalog organisms based on thefunction of a structure. Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778

  13. Carolus Linnaeus - later others added theorigin of the structure as acriteria. Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778

  14. Origin of a structure - Was the structure from independent evolution? Euphorbia – African Desert Cactus – Mexican Desert

  15. Origin of a structure - Or was it from a common ancestor? Ostrich - Africa Rhea – S. America

  16. Is the structure anAnalogous structure or anHomologousStructure?

  17. Analogous Structures - have similar functions - different internal structure - no common evolutionary origin

  18. Homologous Structures - have a similarevolutionary origin - but may have different functions

  19. The modern Linnaean system assumes that the more homologies two species share… the closer they must bein terms of evolutionarydistance.

  20. The closer they are in terms of evolutionary distance… the more likely they will be in similar classification groups.

  21. Linnaean System - Animalia • Kingdom - Chordata • Phylum • Class - Mammalia • Order - Primates • Family - Hominidae • Genus - Homo • Species - sapiens

  22. Linnaean System - Animalia • Kingdom - Chordata • Phylum • Class - Mammalia • Order - Primates • Family - Hominidae • Genus - Homo • Species - sapiens

  23. Kingdoms? In Ancient times: 1 Animalia Woof !

  24. Kingdoms? In Ancient times: 1 Animalia 2 Plantae

  25. Kingdoms? By 1969 we had . . . 1 Animalia 2 Plantae 3 3 Fungi 4 Protista 5 Monera

  26. Kingdoms? 1 - 4 = Eukaryotic5 - 6 = Prokaryotic Today: 1 Animalia 3 Fungi 2 Plantae 4 Protista 5 Archaebacteria 5 ? 6 Eubacteria 6 ? 1 - 4 = Cell Type?5 - 6 = Cell Type?

  27. Major Groups Archaebacteria Eubacteria Amoeboids Euglenoids Dinoflagellates Brown Algaes Red Algaes Green Plants Fungi Animalia

  28. Sympathy for the life of bacteria If you were bacteria: - You have only 0.001 th as much DNA as a eukaryotic cell. - You live in a medium which has a viscosity about equal to asphalt. - You have a wonderful "motor" for swimming. Unfortunately, your motor can only run in two directions and at one speed. In forward, you are propelled in one direction at 30 mph. In reverse your motor makes you turn flips or tumble. You can only do one or the other. You cannot stop. - While you can "learn", you divide every twenty minutes and have to restart your education.

  29. Sympathy for the life of bacteria If you were bacteria: - You can have sex, with males possessing a sexual apparatus for transferring genetic information to receptive females. However, since you are both going 30 mph it is difficult to find each other. Furthermore, if you are male, nature gave you a severe problem. Every time you mate with a female, she turns into a male. In bacteria, "maleness" is an infective venereal disease. - Also, at fairly high frequencies, spontaneous mutations cause you to turn into a female.

  30. Origins of Archaebacteria and Eubacteria? Ancient Conditions on Earth? - Hot(Effect on Protein?) Denature - No Oxygen (Term?) Anerobic Cooling Temps Allow What? Stable proteins = better adaptation

  31. Thermal Proteins & Fatty Acids Click For Video PROTOCELLS METAPROTOCELLS Anerobic

  32. Archaebacteria Eubacteria METAPROTOCELLS Anerobic

  33. Archaebacteria Eubacteria METAPROTOCELLS

  34. Archaebacteria Eubacteria METAPROTOCELLS Protista Plant-like Protists Animal-like Protists Fungus-like Protists Fungi Plantae Animalia

  35. Archaebacteria Eubacteria METAPROTOCELLS Protista Plant-like Protists Animal-like Protists Fungus-like Protists Fungi Plantae Animalia

  36. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals)

  37. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods)

  38. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans)

  39. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods)

  40. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs)

  41. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs)(AR-muh-DIL-uh-DY-uh-dee)

  42. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs) 6 Genus - Armadillidium

  43. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs) 6 Genus - Armadillidium(AR-muh-DIL-uh-DEE-um)

  44. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs) 6 Genus - Armadillidium7 Species -nasatum

  45. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs) 6 Genus - Armadillidium7 Species -nasatum Species Name ?

  46. Classification 1 Kingdom -Animalia (Animals) 2 Phylum -Arthropoda (Arthropods) 3 Class -Malacostraca (Malacostracans) 4 Order -Isopoda (Isopods) 5 Family -Armadillidiidae (Pill Bugs) 6 Genus - Armadillidium7 Species -nasatum Species Name - Armadillidium nasatum

  47. Binomial Nomenclature - Two Latin names; genus & species, to designate each type of organism

More Related