Definition Report on depression

1. Definition Report on depression “profoundly impairs the ability to function in everyday situation by affecting moods, thoughts, behaviors, and physical wellbeing(Nordenburg).”

2. Three types of depressionfrom Nordenberg article and the article Men and depression: Clinical and Empirical perspectives

3. Three Types of depression cont.…from Nordenberg article and the article Men and depression: Clinical and Empirical perspectives

4. Symptoms of depressionfrom Nordenberg article, dealing with the Depths of depression

5. Treatments for Depressionfrom the article dealing with the depths of depression • Psychotherapy • When the depression is mild like Dysthymia, cognitive/behavioral therapy can be effective. • Antidepressants drugs • Different combinations of drugs work for different people • Drugs can have side effects so it may take more than one try to find the right one for that individual person. • Older antidepressants such as Tofranial (imipramine), and monoamine oxidase inhibitor such as Nardil (phenelzine) • Recent antidepressants such as Wellburin, Effexor, Serzone, and Remeron, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Prozax, Paxil, and Zoloft • Bright light therapy • involves a daily exposure to bright fluorescent light, and can be effective with treating “SAD”

6. Facts about depression • “Depression is estimated to affect 350 million people worldwide(Blatnik).” • United States spends about $43 billion dollars a year ”due in large part to absenteeism for work, lost productivity, and medical costs, according to the National Depressive and Mania Depressive Association(Nordenberg).” • In Europe the total cost of depression is about 253 Euro per person (Blatnik) • 1/3rd of all people looking for psychiatric help are depressed (Blatnik) • 1 in 5 people who live in economically developed countries are depressed at least once in his/her life and in poorer countries the ratio is much higher(Blatnik).” • “THE RISK OF SUICIDE EXISTS AT ALL TIME(Hurley).”

7. Melancholia= depression the historyfrom the article Men and Depression: Clinical and Empirical Perspectives • ”Melancholia was the term Freud chose to describe the more morbid mood characterized by symptoms that one would associate today with clinical depression. Freud thought this mood state was related to normal mourning, but was manifest in more extremes of thought and mood, and often appeared without an apparent loss(Men & Depression: Clinical and Empirical Perspectives).” • Hippocrates to Kraeplin and Freud recognized the existences of the condition melancholia which is called depression (mood disorder) today. • This early identification was an important step to understand this mood disorder. • Kraeplin found terminology to divide mania and depression. The distinction between the two words formed foundation of the “two broad classes of mood disorders” and have “stood the test of time.” • Depression=individuals that manifested ”sad or anxious moods” • And Mania “was characterized by Kraeplin as a consisting of flight of ideas, exalted mood, and pressured activity”

8. Genes & environment factorsfrom the article dealing with the depths of depression

9. Genes & environment Cont..Form the article Dealing with the depths of depression • Environmental factors also play a important role in depression. • SAD”= Seasonal Affective Disorder. • The effects of SAD usually starts in the late fall, because of daylight savings time. • “The exact reason for the association between light and mood is unknown but research suggests a connection with the sleep cycle” • The change in the brain chemical balance may result with the deceased sunlight. • Symptoms • Energy loss, increased anxiety, oversleeping, and overeating

10. Additional types of depression • Postpartum Depression • Atypical Depression • Mood Regulation Disorder • Premenstrual Dysphoric Depression • Substance induce Depressive Disorder • Due to another medical Condition

11. Men Vs. Womenfrom articles my Christina Gregory and by martin Kantor • Feeling anxious and scared • Often blames themselves for depression • Likely to avoid conflicts • Turns to food and friends self medicate • Likely to affect women more than men because of different factors • Reproductive hormones • Response to stress • Social pressures • Life experiences • Men feel a cold blackness of sadness and a dead disconnection • panic • irritability • angry • rage • feeling of literally blowing up from the inside • Unable to enjoy activity from any source • “submerge their depression beneath a cloak of activity” • Workaholism • Food • Sexual addiction • Addictive gambling • Violent behavior (creates conflicts)

12. how can you help someone with depressionfrom Hurley, caring for someone who is depressed • Most important step to help someone with depression “is to understand the symptoms.” • Depression can make day to day activities feel impossible, those feeling can be miserable and overwhelming and in the end you don’t know why your feeling the way you do. • When helping someone with depression it can be overwhelming & complicated so be sure to take care of yourself. • Take care of personal needs • Create boundaries • Find a person to vent to. • a therapist or support group

13. Help someone by “being helpful”from the article, caring for someone who is depressed • Ask ”How can you help.” • You can help in small ways • For example: • schedule appointments • provide a ride to those appointments • grocery shop for them or with them • help around there home • offer to get them out the house. Just to get them out of there head space • go on walks, movies

14. Help with “listening compassionately”from Hurley article, caring for someone who is depressed • “Depression isn’t something for you to fix, but being present and listening to that person can help them feel heard and understood.” • Phrases NOT to us: • This is just a phase it will pass • Everyone feels this way sometimes • Why cant you see the positive? • Snap out of it • The more you think about, the worse you will feel • Think about all the great things in you life! • Phrases to use: • I am here for you • You’re not alone in this • I might not understand exactly how you feel right now, but I want to help you • Tell me what I can do to help

15. Works cited-Pictures • Figure # 6 • https://publications.mcgill.ca/medenews/2017/08/03/new-research-offers-hope-for-faster-acting-antidepressants/ • Figure # 7 • http://morethanwriters.blogspot.com/2015/04/a-creeping-silence.html • Figure # 11 • http://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?thumbnail=1200%2C630&image_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fi.huffpost.com%2Fgen%2F5033244%2Fimages%2Fn-TRUST-PWC-628x314.jpg&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=a84be2c131b1c6c618539af803d4a255cd074b84 • Figure # 10 • https://ondry17blog.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/depression_by_kirsten88888888.jpg • Figure # 13 • http://www.getoveritmoveon.com/gomo-live/wp-content/themes/elegance/lib/scripts/timthumb/thumb.php?src=http://www.getoveritmoveon.com/gomo-live/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/compassionate-listening.jpg&w=660&h=275&zc=1&q=100 • Figure # 12 • https://www.brianchristner.io/content/images/2016/02/Helpful-Tips1-1.png • Figure # 1 • https://www.talkspace.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/stigma-depression-woman-illustration_1320WJR-1.png • Figure 14 • https://wallpapertag.com/wallpaper/full/3/4/8/681200-download-free-depression-wallpapers-1920x1200.jpg • Figure # 4 • https://cdn.quotesgram.com/img/17/1/1159189319-deep_depression_depressed_failure_sad_1600x900_hd-wallpaper-1422455.jpg • Figure # 3 • https://blogs.psychcentral.com/mental-health-awareness/files/2014/06/bipolar.jpg • Figure # 15 • http://i.huffpost.com/gen/2019550/images/o-DEPRESSION-facebook.jpg • Figure # 9 • https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1600/1*VbmSlvE9_Iif4iPy4SzLYA.jpeg • Figure # 8 • http://img.medscape.com/news/2015/dt_150501_depression_brain_dna_800x600.jpg • Figure # 5 • https://mentalhealthtalk.info/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/4232232092_2be61c1467_b.jpg

16. Works cited- Information • Nordenberg, Liora. “Dealing with the Depths of Depression.”p26,6p. 2 Academic Search Complete, Vol.32, Issue 4, Jul/Aug98. http://web.b.ebscohost.com.chaffey.idm.oclc.org/ehost/detail/detail?vid=10&sid=ce1765a3-4c72-4e88-a2bc-a9f29729b310%40pdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=822677&db=aph • Zalar, B, Blatnik, A, Maver, A, Klemenc-Ketis, Z, Peterlin, B. “Family history as an important factor for stratifying participants in genetic studies of major depression.” Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics. Jun2018, Vol.21 Issue 1, P5-12.8p. Academic Search Complete. http://web.b.ebscohost.com.chaffey.idm.oclc.org/ehost/detail/detail?vid=4&sid=ce1765a3-4c72-4e88-a2bc-a9f29729b310%40pdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=132852562&db=aph • Kanto, Martin. ”Lifting the weight: Understanding Depression in Men, its Causes and Solutions.” eBook Collection. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007. http://web.b.ebscohost.com.chaffey.idm.oclc.org/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzIyNjQ0OF9fQU41?sid=ce1765a3-4c72-4e88-a2bc-a9f29729b310@pdc-v-sessmgr01&vid=6&format=EB&lpid=lp_1&rid=0 • Cochran, Sam Victor & Rabinowitz, Fredric Eldon. “Men & Depression: Clinical & Empirical Perspectives.” Practical Resources for the Mental Health Professional. eBook. San Diego: Academic Press 2000. http://web.b.ebscohost.com.chaffey.idm.oclc.org/ehost/detail/detail?vid=8&sid=ce1765a3-4c72-4e88-a2bc-a9f29729b310%40pdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=91189&db=nlebk • Hurley, Katie PhD. “Caring for Someone who is Depressed.”PSYCOM. 2019 Vertical Health LLC. https://www.psycom.net/helping-someone-depressed • Gregory, Christina PhD. “Depression in Women.” PSYCOM. 2019 Vertical Health LLC. https://www.psycom.net/depression.central.women.html