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Diversity in Biology

Diversity in Biology. Organising Diversity. Two Main Classification Systems. Six Kingdom System More traditional, widely used Classifies organisms into taxa (groups) Classification based on Morphological and physiological similarities Does not consider evolutionary relationships.

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Diversity in Biology

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  1. Diversity in Biology Organising Diversity

  2. Two Main Classification Systems • Six Kingdom System • More traditional, widely used • Classifies organisms into taxa (groups) • Classification based on • Morphological and physiological similarities • Does not consider evolutionary relationships

  3. Six Kingdom System • Groups all living organisms into six groups: • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria • All bacteria used to be in one kingdom called Monera • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

  4. Two Main Classification Systems • Three Domain System • More recent, not as widely used • Classification based on • Phylogeny • evolutionary history of groups of organisms • differences in the sequences in the cell's ribosomal RNAs (rRNA) • cell's membrane lipid structure • sensitivity to antibiotics.

  5. 3 Domain System

  6. Three-domain System • Better reflects evolutionary history of life • 3 Domains of Life • Archaebacteria • are prokaryotes • lack peptidoglycan in cell walls • Eubacteria • (true bacteria) are prokaryotes (no nuclei) • Eukaryotes • Protists, fungi, plants, animals

  7. A hybrid system • Blend of both Systems • 3 domains, with 4 kingdoms within Eukarya • Used in both systematics and Taxonomy.

  8. The Six Kingdoms and Domains

  9. What kind of organism is it… • Sea Monkey • Firefly • Ringworm • Jellyfish • Spider monkey • Crayfish • Sea Horse Photo Credit: Audringje; flickr

  10. Pantherapardus

  11. Binomial Nomenclature • Scientific names must either be underlined or italicized • The genus is always capitalized, the species is lowercase • Can be abbreviated. Ex. P. leoand P. tigris

  12. What are the scientific names of each of these organisms?

  13. What is a species? • Defined as organisms that can interbreed with one another, and produce fertile offspring

  14. Example:  ligers and mules When two organisms of different species interbreed, the offspring is called a HYBRIDThese offspring are usually infertile, therefore do not form a new species.

  15. Systematics • Dichotomous Keys • Used to identify organisms • At each stage, there are only 2 choices!

  16. Deerus pestis Deerus magnus Deerus octagis Deerus humpus Deerus puplinis Deerus deafus

  17. Dichotomous Key

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