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e-Learning QA Strategy in Korea

e-Learning QA Strategy in Korea. May 1, 2009 Duk Hoon Kwak, Ph.D. President of KERIS (dhkwak@keris.or.kr). Table of Contents. Where are you ?. Digital Natives. Digital Immigrants). 1982. AG (After Google). BG (Before Google). 1996. Partnership (Power of Balance).

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e-Learning QA Strategy in Korea

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  1. e-LearningQA Strategy in Korea May 1, 2009 Duk Hoon Kwak, Ph.D. President of KERIS (dhkwak@keris.or.kr)

  2. Table of Contents Where are you ? Digital Natives Digital Immigrants) 1982 AG (After Google) BG (Before Google) 1996 Partnership (Power of Balance) Leadership (Balance of Power) 2008(?) “20th-century teachers using 19th-century methods to reach 21st-century students“ VI

  3. New Millennium Learner 출처; professor Wim Veen at expert meeting of NML project(2007.3)

  4. Agenda Current Status of e-Learning in Korea e-Learning QA Guidelines KERIS e-Learning QA System & Practice e-Learning QA Standards e-LearningQA Issues and Suggestions Conclusions 1/33

  5. Current Status of e-Learning in Korea 2/33

  6. National ICT in Education Service I. Primary & Secondary Education 정보화 Edunet - Central Teaching & Learning Center e-Learning Quality Assurance e-Learning Standardization Participate Digital Textbook Cyber Home Learning System Open Share Collective intelligence National e-Learning Sharing System 3/33

  7. I. Primary & Secondary Education • EDUNET • - Information sharing system for elementary and secondary schools • - Provided since 1996 (approximately 850,000 contents) • - About 500,000 daily visitors • - 5.8 million members(55% of them are teachers & students) • Cyber Home Learning System • - System which students can study at home anytime using Internet • - Launched as a nationwide service in 2005 • - Total students members : about 3 million (Daily visits 304,236) • - Providing various types of content(Korean language, Mathematics, Social studies, • Science, English, etc.) 4/33

  8. I. Primary & Secondary Education • Digital Textbook • - A new endeavor to maximize the use of ICT in education field • - Incorporating the functions of multimedia, exercise book, data search and hyperlink • - Offering a variety of interactive functions and tailored content according to the • interests and capabilities of individual users • - Textbook (Korean language, Mathematics, Social Studies, Science, English) • - Developing a common platform for Digital Textbook • National e-Learning Sharing System • - Providing a standardized service for sharing and distributing educational information • metadata that enables anyone to search various types of educational content anytime • and anywhere with just one click. • - Providing various kinds of content from municipal and provincial offices of education, • educational institutes, private institutes, and overseas educational institutes • - Developing and distributes standard metadata input tools (participants: 8,996 institutes, • 690,000 types of content shared and distributed) 5/33

  9. 2. Higher Education • e-Learning Support Center • - Established 10 e-Learning support centers to activate e-Learning • in universities (at present 162 universities) • - Support joint development and utilization of e-Learning content • among universities (at present 195 e-Learning lectures, 175 content) • Cyber University • - 18 e-Learning-based cyber universities established since 2001 • - At present 81,808 students ( 56% of them are over 30s) • Korea National Open University • - About 200,000 undergraduate students (currently 21 departments) • - e-Learning based graduate school (9 departments) • - Almost e-Learning based content • KOCW (Korean Open CoueseWare) • - Enable collaborative data collection and usage of common data bases • - Service which is actively utilized by higher education institutions in Korea • - Active international cooperation with U.S., Japan, China and Australia and • keep counting. 6/33

  10. e-Learning QA Guidelines 7/33

  11. 1. Introduction • e-Learning Quality Assurance (QA) • A very important and essential issue in educational information sharing and educational service exchanges • An indispensable part of securing the education consumer’s right • The leading countries in the e-Learning field have been establishing comprehensive QA measures at the national level. • International organizations such as OECD/UNESCO are advising their member countries to establish a national QA system for education. • Korea established e-Learning QA guidelines as KS(Korea Standard) in November 2008. 8/33

  12. 2. Background to QA guidelines • Increased importance of e-Learning QA • - Increase of request for QA according to expansion of e-Learning • - Provide learners with greater control over their education • - Discussion about the QA at ISO/ETC JTC1 SC36, • Establishment of ‘2006 National e-Learning Comprehensive QA system’ • - Manage e-Learning QA in an integrated manner • - Identify and solve problem in the QA system • Shortcomings found in the area of e-Learning QA • - Lack of a well-established methodology, comprehensive QA System, • Information, awareness and experts in the area of QA • Need for e-Learning QA guidelines • - Encourage the development of quality content • - Enhance the efficiency of e-Learning • - Offer minimum standards for e-Learning developer and operators • - Protect learners from low quality e-Learning 9/33

  13. 3. Development of QA guidelines • Overview of e-Learning QA guidelines • - e-Learning QA guidelines are focused on expertise, reliability, • objectivity, fairness and convenience of on-site education. • - QA guidelines are based on the results of various research and case studies • conducted domestically and abroad. • - We set out specific items and criteria for evaluation of three sectors such as • ‘content’, ‘solution’ and ‘service’. • Developmental Stages for e-Learning QA guidelines 3rd Stage • Review whether or not the QA guidelines are easy and appropriate for application to on-site education • Identify specific items for evaluation in the areas of content, solution and service • Develop the evaluation guidebook, evaluation criteria, handbooks and evaluation table 2nd Stage 1st Stage • Analyze the existing research and case studies home and abroad • Create the basic documents required for QA guidelines 10/33

  14. 4. Status of QA guidelines <Status of e-Learning QA guidelines> * 3 Sectors and 5 elements <On-Line QA system> 11/33

  15. KERIS e-Learning QA System &Practice 12/33

  16. 1. KERIS’e-Learning QA system QA Self-initiatedQA QA on request Development of QA consulting methodology (based on ISO9001) Distribution and feedback of good practice Korean industrial Standard based International Standard based Integrated operation with content Consulting Content-based Selection of good content and developers QA guideline (Elementary , secondary education, lifelong, teacher training Future content development strategy Suggestion of minimum standards QA performance evaluation & satisfaction analysis Rating system based on QA performance (S,A,B,C) (Certification of QA experts) Foster experts KS certification of QA (Content, solution, service) QA activities QA performance evaluation indicators Operation of e-Learning QA certification system Establishment of self-quality assurance Creation of foundation for project implementation QA system operation ISO 9001-based consulting 13/33

  17. 2. Online QA System • Major functions of online QA system • - Real-time monitoring of overall QA procedures • - Establishment of DB for QA results, monitoring of QA history by product • - Pre-review by each developer before proceeding QA QA (KERIS) Pass Distribution (to schools, homes and for teacher training, etc.) Content developer Fail Consulting Content review+ Integrity review (QA team) (Professional body) [e-Learning QA team community] [e-Learning QA system] 14/33

  18. 3. Selection and Operation of QA Team • Selection of e-Learning QA team • - Selection based on recommendations by16 municipal and provincial offices of • education and direct applications to KERIS • - The team is in operation with 288 members who majored in education, early • childhood/ elementary school/ special education, computer education/ education • technology • Major activities of e-Learning QA team • - Evaluation of e-Learning QA applications and decision of content certification • - Consulting for developing and operating e-Learning service • Quality control of e-Learning QA team evaluators • - Annual evaluation of evaluators’ performance into four levels(S.A.B.C) • - Provision of latest information through QA team workshops • - Sharing of evaluation know-how through the operation of QA team online • community ※ Quality control of e-Learning QA team evaluators C (35%) S [5%] B (35%) A (25%) Train to be Masters Train to be Experts Replace Re-train 15/33

  19. 4. Enhancing Reliability for e-Learning QA • Re-certification of QA system ISO 9001(3types) • - Enhancing reliability for e-Learning quality certification procedure by complying with international • standards for e-Learning content quality certification process • ※ Content quality review process, service evaluation process, content developer approval review • process • Enhancing e-Learning QA standards to the level of KS standards • - Korea Industrial Standards for e-Learning QA guidelines enacted and announced in Oct. 2, 2008 • Development and revision of e-Learning QA guidelines ※ ● : V1.0 (2006), V 2.0 (2008), ○ : V 1.0 (Newly developed, 2008) 16/33

  20. 5. Strategy for Expanding e-Learning QA ◦ Strengthen identification and publicity of good e-Learning QA content - Clean & Green Education Content Awards given on Feb. 17, 08 - Reinforce market competitiveness thru identification and publicity of good e-Learning QA content ◦ Develop e-Learning QA consultant certification system - Lay an institutional basis for continuously promoting the quality of e-Learning QA - Trial training of 40consultants in 2008, mid- to long-term plans to establish this system as national certification system ◦ Provide consulting to encourage e-Learning QA - Perform evaluation and satisfaction analysis of e-Learning operators - Strengthen competency of planners/ designers/ instructors/ operators • Introduction of national certification system to foster QA consultants Introduce national certification system Build mutual quality certification system btw institutes To -Be Pursue QA globalization • Expand international exchange and lead global quality certification system 17/33 • Approve mutual quality certification btw institutes

  21. 6. Result of Operating e-Learning QA Survey for e-Learning QA performance analysis QA request satisfaction and QA certification rate • QA request satisfaction continued to • increase despite the decline in QA • certification rate due to stricter standards • Successful transition to consulting-based • review system Satisfaction (score) Satisfaction (score) 82.3% 87.1 82.3% 81.9 81.8 76.3 74.2 79.4 67.9% QA certification rate(%) 67.9% QA certification rate (%) 67.3% 67.3% 2008 2006 2007 2006 2008 2007 Corporate satisfaction (score), QA certification rate(%) Satisfaction of education consumers 18/33

  22. 7. Factors for Successful e-Learning QA ◦ Improved legal system on e-Learning quality - Enacted law on QA (Provisions on development of e-Learning industry and teacher training) - Introduced mandatory QA system (currently limited to distance training) - Mandated government purchase of QA-certified products ◦ Shifted QA focus from certification to consulting      - Introduced QA system that can be practically helpful for e-Learning developers, rather than simply determining pass/fail ◦ Encouraged QA through government subsidies - Government subsidies on quality review costs: 80% covered by e-Learning institutes and the remaining 20% by government support ◦ Enhanced mobility and credibility through international standard certification - Systemized e-Learning QA methodology and obtained ISO 9001 certification ◦ Improvement in reliability of e-Learning certification result helped private businesses with practical marketing ※ Satisfaction of e-Learning developers: 85% 19/33

  23. e-Learning QA Standards 20/33

  24. 1. e-Learning QA Standard • Overview on Development of National Standard ◦ The purposes of Development- e-Learning quality assurance must contribute to improving the method of education and securing its excellence - the Standard for e-Learning quality assurance should serve as a guide for developing and operating content and solutions with excellent quality - self-quality assurance as well as the quality itself of overall e-Learning are expected to improve. ◦ The Numbers of National Standard for QA 21/33

  25. 2. Details of e-Learning QA Standards • Main features of KS X 7002(content) ◦ Each Phases of Adaptation to content Plan Design Produce Apply ◦ Structure of KS X 7002 22/33

  26. 2. Details of e-Learning QA Standards • Main features of KS X 7003(Service) ◦ Each Phases of Adaptation to service Before Learning On Learning After Learning ◦ Structure of KS X 7003 23/33

  27. 3. Direction for developing e-Learning QA Standards • Future Plan on the Development of National Standards < Current > < Future > • KS X 7002(content) • - Part 1 – Overview • - Part 2 – K-12 • KS X 7003(Service) • - Part 1 – Overview • - Part 2 – K-12 • Expanding to Higher ED • New development for e-Learning Solutions • Being consistent with International Standard • Status of International Standards for QA • ISO/IEC 19796-1(General approach) : Published • ISO/IEC 19796-2(Quality Model) : Under development • ISO/IEC 19796-3(Reference Methods and Metrics) : Under development • ISO/IEC 19796-4(Best Practice) : Under development • ISO/IEC 19796-5(How to use ISO/IEC 19796-1) : Under development 24/33

  28. QA QA 4. Collaboration System for e-Learning QA Standards • Collaboration with ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36 and IMS for e-Learning QA Standards • Content • Solution • Service Export Import Guarantee QA Sharing experiences 25/33

  29. e-LearningQA Issues and Suggestions 26/33

  30. 1. Reasonable QA Certification Rate • Certification rate ◦ Higher QA certification standards increase consumer satisfaction ◦ However, this increases costs for content developers ◦ While higher quality e-Learning content should be pursued, the cost burden of developers should be taken into account 27/33

  31. 2. Future-oriented QA Standards Required • QA standards are an effective tool for setting a direction to • develop high quality e-Learning content • QA standards should be prepared as indicators of directing future content • development, going beyond the level of currently used e-Learning content. • ※ While considering the level of current content development, we need to devise • a plan on QA standards to set a direction for future content development. 28/33

  32. 3. Shift from separate content QA to systematic QA 700types (expected) • Content applications for QA (KERIS) 428types 187types 2007 2008 2009 • The number of applications for e-Learning content QA has sharply increased as the effectiveness of • e-Learning content QA is verified. • Increased QA on a separate content basis will meet with limitations of physical and human resources • Measures should be taken to encourage content developers to voluntarily perform systematic QA • ※ Corporate certification system for excellent content developers should be considered. 29/33

  33. 4. Securing QA experts Encourage consumer participation in e-Learning Virtuous cycle of e-Learning industry e-Learning industry’s growth High-quality e-Learning content Securing e-LearningQA experts Lacking e- Learning QA experts e-Learning industry’s slowdown Low-quality e-Learning content Vicious cycle of e-Learning industry Consumers avoid e-Learning 30/33

  34. 5. Suggestions for Establishing QA • Strategic Approach to Establishing QA 3rd Stage • Operate QA system at the level of global standards • Operate voluntary QA system by content developers • Continuously enhance QA quality, based on analysis • Suggest future-oriented QA standards • Improve content developers’ reliability and satisfaction on QA(evaluation-based to consulting-based) • Secure QA experts 2nd Stage 1st Stage • Government’s strong will (policy drive) • Form a consensus with content developers • Verify the effectiveness of e-Learning QA 31/33

  35. Conclusions 32/33

  36. Conclusions • Comprehensive approach to e-Learning QA required, not at each project level • - QA should be pursued based on policy directions, implementation strategies and detailed • action plans at the national level. • - National standards and detailed guidelines for e-Learning QA should be formulated. • - Joint participation of the government, private sector, and academic circles is required, based • on their consensus on the need for e-Learning QA. • - Systematic support should be provided for effective operation of e-Learning QA • (online-based support) • - An interim review(policy research, etc.) of policies under implementation is a requirement, • not an option • International collaboration required for e-Learning QA • - Standardization and QA are key factors for the joint use of e-learning content among countries • - Preparation of national standards based on global standards will help us prepare global sharing • and distribution of e-Learning content • Finally, we, KERIS, hope Korea and Thailand will share each other’sexperiences and become partners in e-Learning in the globalized world. 33/33

  37. e-Learning Asia Conference 2009 http://www.elearningasia.net/eng/main.htm

  38. Career Experience President, Korea Education & Research Information Service (KERIS) Professor, Dept. of Computer Science, Korea National Open University (at present) Chair, ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36-Korea (at present) Chair, Ubiquitous Fforum of Dosan Academy (at present) Chair, e-Learning Quality Assurance Committee (at present) Member, Communication and Information Commission, Korean National Commission for UNESCO (ar present) Chair, ASP Accreditation Committee of IT Rental Industry Association Chair, Standardization Forum in e-Learning, Korea Advisory Committee member on ICT Strategy MOEHRD E-Learning Industry Development Committee member of OPC Chair, Cyber University Evaluation Committee of MOEHRD Chair , University’s e-Learning center Evaluation Committee of MOEHRD Dean, Incheon Regional Campus, Korea National Korea Open University Dean, Office of Academic Affairs, Korea National University Dean, Faculty of Natural Science, Korea National Open University Chair, Judging Committee for Foundation of Cyber University Chair, Association of Information and Communication Cyber Universities Visiting Professor, Indiana University, Instructional Systems Technology Research Area Multimedia System, e-Learning Standardization Duk Hoon Kwak, Ph.D. (dhkwak@keris.or.kr)

  39. Your Best e-Learning Partner, KERIS Duk Hoon KWAK, Ph.D. (dhkawk@keris.or.kr)

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