Trish Barker: access.ncsa.uiuc/CoverStories/lac/

1. A genetic switch Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms in the Synthesis of ProteinsFrançois Jacob and Jacques Monod.  Journal of Molecular Biology (1961) 3: 318-356 Trish Barker: access.ncsa.uiuc.edu/CoverStories/lac/

2. Gene Synthesis bacteria Source: The Economist ‘06

3. Desired gene Desired program Genome Transplantation in Bacteria: Changing One Species to AnotherScience June 21,, Carole Lartigue 1, John I. Glass 1*, Nina Alperovich 1, Rembert Pieper 1, Prashanth P. Parmar 1, Clyde A. Hutchison III 1, Hamilton O. Smith 1, J. Craig Venter 1

4. Issues • Cost & length of DNA synthesis • How to boot the system • How to design and build it

5. Synthetic Biology • A new foundational discipline to deal with the coming technology • An effort to design and build standardized, integrated biological systems

6. 10 years time • You can design new systems • Build them quickly and cheaply • What are you going to build?

7. Synthetic Biology @ Brown Brown iGEM International Genetically Engineered Machines

8. iGEM Video

9. Engineering biology with standard parts

10. Registry of StandardBiological Parts • Parts • Devices • Systems

11. The Process Design Build Model

12. 7 Brown Undergraduates • Biomedical Engineering • Biology • Biophysics • Chemical Engineering • Computational Biology

13. iGEM Faculty

14. Support • UTRA grant & departments • Lab space in Multi Disciplinary Lab • Equipment sponsorship

15. Brown iGEM • Lead-detector • Tri-stable Switch Two projects being built with biological parts

16. Lead Detector

17. The Abstract System Fluorescent Protein Amplifier Lead Promoter

18. So how will this system work in the cell?

19. NO LEAD Lead Receptor Message Receptor Promoter (always on) Transcription factors are constitutively made by the first promoter. Message Producer Lead Promoter These proteins are poised to activate the Lead Detector promoter and Message Receiver promoter upon addition of lead. Message Producer GFP Message Promoter

20. Lead Receptor Message Receptor Promoter (always on) Message Producer Lead turns on Detector promoter Lead Promoter + Message Producer GFP Message Promoter Fluorescent Protein Output

21. Tri-Stable Switch

22. Bistable Switch A B • Here is how a bistable switch should work: • Continuous production of A or B without additional inducer

23. Tristable Switch A B C • A two state switch is possible. • We want a stable switch with three distinct inducible states.

24. Tristable Switch Design Pathway A pTet LacI AraC Pathway B pLac AraC TetR Pathway C pAra TetR LacI

25. Uses for a Multi-stable Switch • Tissue Engineering • Drug Delivery • Simple Circuits

26. Applications of synthetic biology

27. Programmed cell-cell communication S. Basu, et al “A synthetic multicellular system for programmed pattern formation” Nature2005, 434, 1130. Engineer sender and receiver cells Programmed pattern formation

28. Programmed cell-cell communication applied to Stem Cells? Cell fate regulators Aim: engineer tissues from stem cells Approach: drive differentiation of stems cells down a specific pathway using engineered “sender cells”

29. Metabolic Engineering “hijacking a cell to produce antimalarial precursor” D-K. Ro et al. “Production of the antimalarial drug precursor artemisinic acid in engineered yeast.” Nature2006, 440, 940 Population at risk: 3.2 Billion Endemic countries: 107 # of infections annually: 300-500 Million # of deaths annually: 1-3 Million Cost per adult course: $2.40

30. Biofuels Challenge: petroleum production peaks in 10-30 yr, declines until resources are exhausted; 1 gal of gasoline and diesel = 20 lbs CO2 (7 tons/vehicle/yr) Discover microbes capable of pretreatment and/or hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material Engineer (i.e., synthetic biology) microorganisms to convert the monomer products of deconstruction into fuels BP, Synthetic Genomics-JCVI, Amyris Biotechnologies-UCB

31. Synthetic Biology Funding

32. The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

33. The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

35. The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineerscapable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

36. The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

37. Cal to be hub for study of alternate fuel Group headed by UC Berkeley wins $500 million grant from BP Rick DelVecchio, Mark Martin, Chronicle Staff Writers Thursday, February 1, 2007 The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

38. By MATTHEW L. WALD Published: June 26, 2007 WASHINGTON, June 25 — The Energy Department is creating three bioenergy research centers to find new ways to turn plants into fuel. The three centers, which the department described as three start-up companies with $125 million each in capital, will be in Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Madison, Wis.; and near Berkeley, Calif. They will involve numerous universities, national laboratories and private companies. The goal of the centers, which are to be announced on Tuesday, is to bring new technologies to market within five years. The new approach supports President Bush’s goal of reducing gasoline consumption by 20 percent in 10 years. Cal to be hub for study of alternate fuel Group headed by UC Berkeley wins $500 million grant from BP Rick DelVecchio, Mark Martin, Chronicle Staff Writers Thursday, February 1, 2007 The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

39. $43 Million Grant From Gates Foundation Brings Together Unique Collaboration For Antimalarial Drug Science Daily — BERKELEY A $42.6 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Institute for OneWorld Health, the first nonprofit pharmaceutical company in the United States, will create a powerful new approach to developing a more affordable, accessible cure for malaria, which kills more than a million children each year. By MATTHEW L. WALD Published: June 26, 2007 WASHINGTON, June 25 — The Energy Department is creating three bioenergy research centers to find new ways to turn plants into fuel. The three centers, which the department described as three start-up companies with $125 million each in capital, will be in Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Madison, Wis.; and near Berkeley, Calif. They will involve numerous universities, national laboratories and private companies. The goal of the centers, which are to be announced on Tuesday, is to bring new technologies to market within five years. The new approach supports President Bush’s goal of reducing gasoline consumption by 20 percent in 10 years. Cal to be hub for study of alternate fuel Group headed by UC Berkeley wins $500 million grant from BP Rick DelVecchio, Mark Martin, Chronicle Staff Writers Thursday, February 1, 2007 The Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC) is a multi-institution research effort to lay the foundation for synthetic biology, which aims to design and assemble biological components into integrated systems to accomplish specific tasks Engineered biological systems have enormous potential to solve a wide range of problems in human health, industrial processes, and renewable energy and the environment. SynBERC brings together many of the pioneers of synthetic biology, including prominent biologists and engineers from world-class institutions, to work together to lay the foundation for this nascent field. Broader impacts Industry: As catalyzed by SynBERC, synthetic biology promises to transform the biotechnology, high-technology, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as suppliers of genetic tools and custom DNA synthesis companies through its relationships with industry in synthetic biology-related fields. Education and training: SynBERC will educate a new cadre of synthetic biologists and biological engineers capable of designing biological parts and useful biological systems. Finally, SynBERC’s education program will provide general information on synthetic biology for the general public, in-depth offerings for public policy professionals, and motivational information on opportunities in higher education for K-12 students. Synthetic biology in the social context: A unique function of SynBERC is its examination of the emerging field of synthetic biology within a frame of human practices, with reciprocal emphasis on ways that economic, political, and cultural forces may condition the development of synthetic biology and on ways that synthetic biology may significantly inform human security, health, and welfare through the new objects that it brings into the world.

40. Department of Health and Human Services Participating Organizations National Institutes of Health (NIH), (http://www.nih.gov) Components of Participating Organizations      National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) (http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov)National Cancer Institute (NCI), (http://www.nci.nih.gov)National Institute on Aging (NIA) (http://www.nia.nih.gov)National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) (http://www.nibib.nih.gov)National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) (http://www.niddk.nih.gov) Title:  Bioengineering and Obesity (R01)Announcement Type New Update: The following update relating to this announcement has been issued: April 23, 2007 - See Notice (NOT-HL-07-112) The purpose of this notice is to update the contact information. NOTICE: Applications submitted in response to this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) for Federal assistance must be submitted electronically through Grants.gov (http://www.grants.gov) using the SF424 Research and Related (R&R) forms and the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide APPLICATIONS MAY NOT BE SUBMITTED IN PAPER FORMAT. This FOA must be read in conjunction with the application guidelines included with this announcement in Grants.gov/Apply for Grants (hereafter called Grants.gov/Apply). A registration process is necessary before submission and applicants are highly encouraged to start the process at least four weeks prior to the grant submission date. See Section IV. Program Announcement (PA) Number: PA-07-354

41. Executive Summary • Purpose • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to solicit applications to develop and validate new and innovative engineering approaches to address clinical problems related to energy balance, intake, and expenditure. Novel sensors, devices, imaging, and other technologies, including technologies to detect biochemical markers of energy balance are expected to be developed and evaluated by collaborating engineers, physical scientists, mathematicians, and scientists from other relevant disciplines with expertise in obesity and nutrition.  • Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, RFA-HL-07-007, that solicits applications under the R21 mechanism and FOA number(s) as appropriate. • Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.  Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.  Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.  • Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Public/State Controlled Institution of Higher Education; Private Institution of Higher Education; Nonprofit with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Nonprofit without 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Small Business; For-Profit Organization (Other than Small Business); State Government; U.S. Territory or Possession; Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization; Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entity (Foreign Organization); Hispanic-serving Institution; Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs); Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs); Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions; Regional Organization. •  Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. • Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. • Renewals and Resubmissions.  Applications can be renewed by competing for additional project periods. Applicants may submit a “resubmission” application, but such application must include an “Introduction” addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).. • Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. • Application Materials. See Section IV.1 for application materials. • General Information. For general information on SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission, see these Web sites: • SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission Information: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/424/index.htm • General information on Electronic Submission of Grant Applications: http://era.nih.gov/ElectronicReceipt/ • Hearing Impaired. Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088 . 

42. Executive Summary • Purpose • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to solicit applications to develop and validate new and innovative engineering approaches to address clinical problems related to energy balance, intake, and expenditure. Novel sensors, devices, imaging, and other technologies, including technologies to detect biochemical markers of energy balance are expected to be developed and evaluated by collaborating engineers, physical scientists, mathematicians, and scientists from other relevant disciplines with expertise in obesity and nutrition. • Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, RFA-HL-07-007, that solicits applications under the R21 mechanism and FOA number(s) as appropriate. • Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.  Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.  Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.  • Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Public/State Controlled Institution of Higher Education; Private Institution of Higher Education; Nonprofit with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Nonprofit without 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Small Business; For-Profit Organization (Other than Small Business); State Government; U.S. Territory or Possession; Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization; Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entity (Foreign Organization); Hispanic-serving Institution; Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs); Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs); Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions; Regional Organization. •  Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. • Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. • Renewals and Resubmissions.  Applications can be renewed by competing for additional project periods. Applicants may submit a “resubmission” application, but such application must include an “Introduction” addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).. • Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. • Application Materials. See Section IV.1 for application materials. • General Information. For general information on SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission, see these Web sites: • SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission Information: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/424/index.htm • General information on Electronic Submission of Grant Applications: http://era.nih.gov/ElectronicReceipt/ • Hearing Impaired. Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088 . 

43. Executive Summary • Purpose • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, solicits Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to solicit applications to develop and validate new and innovative engineering approaches to address clinical problems related to energy balance, intake, and expenditure. Novel sensors, devices, imaging, and other technologies, including technologies to detect biochemical markers of energy balance are expected to be developed and evaluated by collaborating engineers, physical scientists, mathematicians, and scientists from other relevant disciplines with expertise in obesity and nutrition. • Mechanism of Support. This FOA will utilize the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) award mechanism and runs in parallel with an FOA of identical scientific scope, RFA-HL-07-007, that solicits applications under the R21 mechanism and FOA number(s) as appropriate. • Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.  Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.  Because the nature and scope of the proposed research will vary from application to application, it is anticipated that the size and duration of each award will also vary. The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the mechanism numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.  • Eligible Institutions/Organizations. Public/State Controlled Institution of Higher Education; Private Institution of Higher Education; Nonprofit with 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Nonprofit without 501(c)(3) IRS Status (Other than Institution of Higher Education); Small Business; For-Profit Organization (Other than Small Business); State Government; U.S. Territory or Possession; Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribal Government (Other than Federally Recognized); Indian/Native American Tribally Designated Organization; Non-domestic (non-U.S.) Entity (Foreign Organization); Hispanic-serving Institution; Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs); Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs); Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions; Regional Organization. •  Eligible Project Directors/Principal Investigators (PDs/PIs). Individuals with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out the proposed research are invited to work with their institution/organization to develop an application for support. Individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups as well as individuals with disabilities are always encouraged to apply for NIH support. • Number of Applications. Applicants may submit more than one application, provided each application is scientifically distinct. • Renewals and Resubmissions.  Applications can be renewed by competing for additional project periods. Applicants may submit a “resubmission” application, but such application must include an “Introduction” addressing the previous peer review critique (Summary Statement).. • Number of PDs/PIs. More than one PD/PI, or multiple PDs/PIs, may be designated on the application. • Application Materials. See Section IV.1 for application materials. • General Information. For general information on SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission, see these Web sites: • SF424 (R&R) Application and Electronic Submission Information: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/424/index.htm • General information on Electronic Submission of Grant Applications: http://era.nih.gov/ElectronicReceipt/ • Hearing Impaired. Telecommunications for the hearing impaired is available at: TTY 301-451-0088 .  Recent faculty searches include: CalTech, MIT, Emory, UC Davis

45. November 24, 2005

46. Key people, institutes & companies • BU: Jim Collins, • Tim Gardner, • Havard: George Church, Pam Silver • UT Austin • Andy Ellington • Edward Marcotte Caltech: Francis Arnold, Michael Elowitz, Christina Smolke, • MIT • Drew Endy, Tom Knight, • Alexander van Oudenaarden • UCSF • Wendell Lim • Chris Voigt • UC Berkeley • Adam Arkin, Jay Keasling • Princeton • Ron Weiss, • UC Berkeley • Adam Arkin, Jay Keasling

47. Should Brown pursue synthetic biology as part of its academic plan?