General Infection Control Employee Education Dr. ihab nada ,m.d. , doe . mskmc

1. General Infection Control Employee EducationDr. ihab nada ,m.d. ,doe . mskmc

2. Importance of Hand Hygiene • Most important practice to reduce the risk of transmission of bacteria and viruses to our patients • Thousands of bacteria can be on hands after doing simple tasks like: • pulling a patient up in bed • taking a blood pressure or pulse • touching a patient’s hand • rolling patients over in bed • touching the patient’s gown or bed sheets • touching equipment like bedside rails, over bed tables, IV pumps

3. When is hand hygiene recommended? • Upon Entering the patient room • Leaving the patient room • Before Putting gloves on–Touching the patient OR his/her environment • Performing invasive procedures (e.g. inserting IVs, spinal tap) • Eating, drinking or handling food • After Touching the patient OR his/her environment • Removing gloves • Using the restroom

4. Why Are Alcohol Hand Cleaners Recommended? • Improved hand hygiene practices • Convenient • Fast and efficient • Allows for proper hand hygiene when soap and water are not available

5. How to clean your hands withAlcohol Based Hand Sanitizers • Push dispenser lever once and rub hands together • Cover all surfaces of your hands and fingers • webs of fingers • areas around/under fingernails • Thumbs • Rub hands together until alcohol dries thoroughly

6. How to wash your hands effectively • Wet hands first with water • Push soap dispenser once • Rub hands together for at least 15 seconds • Cover all surfaces of the hands and fingers (webs, nails, thumbs) • Rinse hands with water and dry thoroughly • Use paper towel to turn off water faucet

7. Which hand hygiene product should be used? • Use soap and water whenever hands are visibly soiled, contaminated with physical dirt or organic material • Usealcohol based instant hand sanitizers at ALL other times

8. Fingernails are an area of special concern in hand hygiene • Both long natural nails and artificial nails may serve as reservoirs for bacteria and have been associated with outbreaks of infection

9. Equipment needs cleaning too • Shared equipment used frequently should be cleaned before and after every use • Examples: • Blood pressure cuffs • Otoscopes • Ophthalmoscopes

10. Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) • Lives in the nose • Spread from person-to-person by direct contact • Spread from patient to patient primarily on the hands of health care workers • Important cause of hospital-acquired infections, such as:–Central line-associated bloodstream infections–Ventilator-associated pneumonias

11. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE) • Found in the gastrointestinal tract • Spread from person-to-person by direct contact or contact with contaminated objects • Cause of hospital-acquired infections, such as: • Urinary tract infections • Surgical site infections • Bloodstream infections

12. Infection and Colonization: What’s the difference? • Colonization:–Presence of bacteria in or on a patient without causing any symptoms or disease • Infection:–Entry of bacteria into a patient leading to local or systemic symptoms

13. Preventing the spread of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) • Maintain good hand hygiene practices • Adhere to Contact Precautions: • Single patient room, if available, or cohort with patient with same MDRO • Hand hygiene and gloves for room entry • Gown for direct patient or environmental contact • Remove all gowns, gloves before leaving room • Use dedicated patient equipment • Narrow antibiotic regimen based on culture results

14. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) • C. diff spores are excreted in stool and can be spread to others on hands, equipment, or room surfaces. • Prevent spread of C. diff to other patients: • Good hand hygiene • Contact precautions

15. Preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections • A Central line insertion checklist reminds you to: • Clean hands before putting on gloves • Apply a sterile, full body drape • Avoid use of femoral vein, if at all possible • Once central line is in place: • Clean ports and hubs with alcohol • Ensure dressing is clean and intact • Remove line as soon as it is no longer needed

16. Preventing surgical site infections • Ask patients to shower with chlorhexidine soap before surgery to reduce bacteria on skin. • Do not use a razor to shave patients at the operative site.  If hair must be removed before surgery, use clippers. • Use appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis: • Shortly before making the surgical incision • Appropriate for the procedure perhospitalprotocol or published guidelines • Of short duration (usually <24 hours after incision)

17. Thank you