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TRANSITION ELEMENTS

Learn about transition elements, distinguish lanthanides from actinides, and discover their uses in electricity, steel, and more.

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TRANSITION ELEMENTS

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  1. Section 3 TRANSITION ELEMENTS

  2. What we’ll learn? • Identify properties of some transition elements. • Distinguish lanthanides from actinides.

  3. Why it’s important? Transition elements provide the materials for many things including electricity in your home and steel for construction.

  4. Vocabulary: • Catalyst • Lanthanide • Actinide • Synthetic element

  5. Transition Elements • Groups 3-12 • Metals • Combined with their elements in Ores (rocks that contain minerals such as gemstone or metals)

  6. IRON TRIAD • 3 elements : -iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni) -similar properties

  7. USES: • Magnetic Properties- Industrial magnets from cobalt & nickel • Nickel + Cadmium = batteries • Iron (Fe) – part of HEMOGLOBIN (substance that transport oxygen in the blood)

  8. Iron (Fe)- mixed with other metals & carbon to create steels (bridges, skyscrapers, buildings)

  9. USES OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS • Tungsten (W)- -filaments in light bulb • highest melting point • Mercury (Hg) • Thermometers • Liquid @ room temp. • Lowest melting point • Poisonous to living things

  10. Chromium ( Ch) • “chroma” (color) • Brilliant colors

  11. Platinum Group (similar properties) Ruthenium( Ru), Rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum( Pt) • don’t combine easily with other elements • Used as catalyst (a substance that can make something happen faster) • Used as plastics, medicines

  12. INNER TRANSITION ELEMENTS • Lanthanide ( Cerium-Lutetium) • Actinide ( Thorium- Lawrencium)

  13. Lanthanide: • Rare elements • Found with O2 • Soft metals • Hard to separate Uses: Cerium –Misch metal (lighter)

  14. Actinide • Radioactive -Uranium (U) found in earth’s crust

  15. Synthetic Elements (man- made) • Plutonium( Pu)– as fuel in nuclear power plants. • Americium (Am)- smoke detectors • Californium 252 (Cf)- kill cancer cells

  16. Dental Materials: • Amalgam- fill in cavities (silver filling) (mixture of Copper (Cu), Tin (Sn), mercury (Hg) • Braces (wire)- nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti) alloy

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