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Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization. Legacy of Greco-Roman Civilization. Under the Roman Empire, hundreds of territories were knitted into a single state and each province and city was governed in the same way.

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Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

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  1. Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

  2. Legacy of Greco-Roman Civilization • Under the Roman Empire, hundreds of territories were knitted into a single state and each province and city was governed in the same way. • The Romans greatly admired the Greek culture and the mixing of elements of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman culture produced a new culture called Greco-Roman culture or classical civilization.

  3. Roman Fine Arts • Romans learned the art of sculpture from the Greeks. • The reign of Augustus was a period of great artistic achievement. • The Romans further developed a type of sculpture called bas-relief during this time.

  4. Bas-Relief

  5. Mosaics • Mosaics are pictures or designs made by setting small pieces of stone, tile or glass onto a surface. • Most Roman villas had at least one colorful mosaic

  6. Painting • Romans also excelled at painting and most wealthy Romans had bright, large murals called frescoes painted directly on their walls.

  7. Learning and Literature • The Romans borrowed much of their philosophy from the Greeks and Stoicism was especially influential. • The poet Virgil spent 10 years writing the most famous work of Latin literature, the Aeneid. • The poet Ovid wrote light and witty poetry for enjoyment.

  8. Livy complied a multivolume history of Rome from its origins to 9 B.C.E. • Tacitus is notable because he presented the facts accurately.

  9. Latin Language • Latin remained the language of learning long after the fall of Rome and was the official language of the Roman Catholic Church until the 20th century. • Latin was also adopted by many different people and developed into French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Romanian.

  10. Master Builders • The arch, dome and concrete were combined to build spectacular structures such as the Colosseum. • Because Roman architectural forms were so practical, they have remained popular. • Thomas Jefferson began a Roman revival in the U.S. in the 18th century.

  11. Roman System of Law • Rome’s most lasting and widespread contribution was its law. • Some of the most important principles were 1-all people had the right to equal treatment under the law, 2-a person was considered innocent until proven guilty, 3-the burden of proof rested with the accuser not the accused, 4-a person should be punished only for actions, not thought and 5-any law that seemed unreasonable or grossly unfair could be set aside.

  12. Rome’s Enduring Influence • By preserving and adding to Greek civilization, Rome strengthened the Western cultural tradition. • Historian R.H. Barrow has said the Rome never fell because it turned into something even greater-an idea-and achieved immortality.

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