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Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization. Chapter 6 Unit 5 Notes. Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization. Main Idea: POWER AND AUTHORITY - Rome developed many ideas that we find fundamental today Why Now: Evidence of Rome’s culture can be found in Europe, N.A., Asia, and Africa

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Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

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  1. Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization Chapter 6 Unit 5 Notes

  2. Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization Main Idea: POWER AND AUTHORITY - Rome developed many ideas that we find fundamental today Why Now: Evidence of Rome’s culture can be found in Europe, N.A., Asia, and Africa Terms: Greco-Roman, Pompeii, Virgil, Tacitus, aqueduct Setting the Stage: • Rome adapted Greek/Hellenistic cultures but also developed own identity that is still seen today

  3. The Legacy of Greco-Roman Civilization • Hundreds of small territories all together and governed the same way • 2nd c. BC Rome conquered Greece • Immediately admired • Mixing Greek, Hellenistic, Roman = Greco Roman culture (classical civ.) • Didn’t copy but adapted to create own style

  4. The Legacy of Greco-Roman Civilization Roman Fine Art • Learned sculpture from the Greeks • Greece = beauty and idealization • Rome = realistic and practical • Used for educational purposes • Developed new sculpture method = bas relief • Images project from a flat background • Mosaics = pictures/designs using small pieces of materials and arranging them on a surface • Excelled in art, frescoes = painted on wet plaster • Many have been found in Pompeii (AD 79 Mt. Vesuvius erupted covering town in ash, killed 2,000 but perserved art and buildings

  5. The Legacy of Greco-Roman Civilization Learning and Literature • Romans borrowed from Greek philosophy (Stoicism and Zeno) • Encouraged virtue, duty, moderation, and endurance • Virgil spent 10 years writing his epic poem Aeneid (modeled after Homer)

  6. The Legacy of Rome • Still see presence of Rome in language, institutions, and thoughts Latin Languages • Language of the Romans, remained after fall of Rome • Official language of the Catholic church until 20th c. • Developed Romance languages: • French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian

  7. The Legacy of Rome Master Builders • Colosseum from colossus “gigantic”: • Religious festivities held, as well as gladiator games • AD 72-81, can hold up to 50,000, made of stone and concrete, stands 157 ft high and 620 feet long, arena is 287 ft long and 180 ft wide • Aqueducts: designed to bring water into cities and towns • Thomas Jefferson: Roman rival in 18th c. DC to resemble Roman architecture • Roads: Army built a massive network of roads through empire (still used in Middle Ages)

  8. The Legacy of Rome Roman System of Law • Most lasting contribution • Law should be fair and apply equally • Law influenced by Stoic thinking: • (1) common sense and (2) practical ideas • Important principals: • Right to equal treatment under the law • Innocent till proven guilty • Burden of proof is on the accuser • Punishment for actions not thoughts • Unreasonable/unfair laws set aside

  9. The Legacy of Rome Rome’s Enduring Influence: R.H. Barrow said “Rome never fell because it turned into something even greater, an IDEA, and achieved immortality”

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