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Cell Structure & Function Module

E O C T. Cell Structure & Function Module. Ashley J. Taylor MVHS Science Department. Two types of cells. Prokaryotic Cells. Eukaryotic Cells. Contain a nucleus the genetic information is stored in the nucleus Contain membrane bound organelles . Contains Cytoplasm

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Cell Structure & Function Module

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  1. E O C T Cell Structure & FunctionModule Ashley J. Taylor MVHS Science Department

  2. Two types of cells Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells Contain a nucleus the genetic information is stored in the nucleus Contain membrane bound organelles. Contains Cytoplasm Contains Cell Membrane Eukaryotes may be multicellular or single-celled organisms. Ex. Plants, animals, fungi. • Do not contain a nucleus • Do not containmembrane-bound organelles. • Contains DNA • DNA is suspended in the cytoplasm. • Contains Cytoplasm • Contains Cell Membrane • All prokaryotes are microscopic • Single-celled organisms • Ex. Bacteria and Archaea

  3. Compare and Contrast Prokaryote Eukaryote

  4. Compare and Contrast Prokaryote Eukaryote • No nucleus • No organelles • Single-celled • Bacteria • DNA • Cytoplasm • Cell • Membrane • Nucleus • Organelles • Single-celled • Multicellular • Plant and Animal

  5. Organelles Specialized structures that perform cellular functions within a cell

  6. Cell Organelles Cytoskeleton Nucleus Function: Stores hereditary info in the form of DNA Contains a nucleolus – small dense region within responsible for the assembly of ribosomes Surrounded by a nuclear envelope Function: Supports and Shapes the cell. Also involved in cell movement. • Microtubules - long hollow tubesand give the cell its shape • Intermediate filaments - give a cell its strength. • Microfilaments - enable cells to move and divide. They play an important role in muscle cells.

  7. Cell organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosome Function: Location where proteins are made. Made up of rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and protein Can be free-roaming in cytoplasm or attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Organelle where components of cell membrane are made and proteins are modified. • Smooth ER: Does not contain ribosomes. Makes lipids and breaks down toxic substances. • Rough ER: Contains ribosomes. Exports proteins from cell or sends them to the cytoplasm

  8. Cell organelles Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Function: Supply energy for the cell. Site of cellular respiration Have their own ribosomes and DNA Function: Sac of membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins.

  9. Cell organelles Chloroplast Cell Wall Function: A strong rigid layer that provides protection support and shape to the cell. Made up of cellulose Found in Plants, Algae, Fungi, and most bacteria. Function: Organelle that carries out photosynthesis. • Contains chlorophyll ( light absorbing molecule that gives plants their green color) • Found in Plants, some Algae, and some bacteria.

  10. Cell Organelles Lysosomes Cell Membrane Function: A Semi-permeable barrier made up of a double layer of phospholipids that monitors the passage of materials in and out of the cell. Function: Membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes that defend a cell from pathogens. • Break down damaged or worn-out cell parts

  11. Reinforcement activity USATest Prep Class Party • Navigate to USATest Prep website- www.usatestprep.com • Click the drop down menu for EOCT and select Biology • Watch the following video for step-by-step directions to setup the activity for your class http://usatestprep.com/modules/video/video_popup.php?pop_up_help=1&id=1402

  12. Class party Instructions • Teachers • As students join the party, they will appear in the student table • They will not be able to answer questions until you start the party • Click "Start" to begin. • There are two views we offer for projecting in front of the class. • Stats view (default) will list percent incorrect, correct, and total complete. • Race view will animate student avatars as they move towards the finish line. A student will cross the finish line when they get 70% correct. • Student results will update every 10 seconds. • Click "End" once all the students have answered. You will then have the option to print the results • Students • Have students click "Join a Class Party" from the Home tab. They can also login from their mobile-device. • Enter the code seen in the dashed box.

  13. Sources Nowicki, S. (2008). Chapter 3: Cells. In McDougal Littell Biology (pp. 70-84). Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell www.usatestprep.com

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