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Internet Visualization

Internet Visualization. CSE 581 Internet Technology Winter 2002 Jeffrey Chilberto. Papers. Bringing Your Visualization Application to the Internet Vienna University of Technology Visualization Over the WWW and Its Application to Environmental Data University of Leeds

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Internet Visualization

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  1. Internet Visualization CSE 581 Internet Technology Winter 2002 Jeffrey Chilberto

  2. Papers Bringing Your Visualization Application to the Internet Vienna University of Technology Visualization Over the WWW and Its Application to Environmental Data University of Leeds Visualizing the Global Topology of the MBone IEEE (Stanford University, Ipsilon Networks, NLANR, Xerox PARC) CSE 581 Internet Technology

  3. Content • Introduction to Visualization • Visualization of Data • Visualization and the Internet • Visualization Pipeline • Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) • University of Leeds • Client Mapping Implementation • Application to environmental data • Vienna University • Visualization Concepts • Net Phase Plan • IEEE Paper • Mbone Topology CSE 581 Internet Technology

  4. Visualization of Data Process of representing abstract business or scientific data as images that can aid in understanding the meaning of the data (whatis.com) • Air Pollution (Paper Visualization over the WWW) • Prediction of future levels • Analysis of greenhouse gases • Ground level ozone • Acid Rain • Multicast Backbone (Visualizing the Global Topology of the MBone) • Efficiency of links and tunnel placement • Awareness CSE 581 Internet Technology

  5. Internet Role in Visualization Benefits • Data Access (e.g. Public Data) • Visualization Tool Distribution (e.g. Applets) Weakness • Due to strong variations in the quality of available resources, it is difficult to design systems to interactively visualize data CSE 581 Internet Technology

  6. Publisher Viewer VRML F M Data R Image Visualization Pipeline Filter • Selects data of interest Map • Creates abstract geometrical representation of data Render • Creates image from abstract representation Visualization Pipeline is the implementation model for dataflow visualization systems, or Modular Visualization Environments (MVEs) - AVS - IBM Data Explorer - IRIS Explorer - Khoros CSE 581 Internet Technology

  7. Virtual Reality Modeling Language • 3D abstract model returned to viewer in Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) format • Standard language for describing 3D image sequences • #VRML V1.0 ascii • Separator { • ShapeHints {vertexOrdering COUNTERCLOCKWISE faceType CONVEX} • Separator{ WWWInline { name "http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/papers/mbone/wrl/globe.wrl" } } • WWWAnchor { name "http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/papers/mbone/wrl/default.html#link1:tacostand.aimnet.com:marvin.exodus.net" • Separator { • Coordinate3 { point [ • -0.674166 0.606308 -0.421771, -0.680291 0.611688 -0.425151, -0.684148 0.615026 -0.427107, -0.684331 0.615059 -0.426766, -0.680835 0.611789 -0.424134, -0.675064 0.606475 -0.420091, ] } • Material { diffuseColor [ 0 0 1, ] } • IndexedLineSet { • coordIndex [ • 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, -1, • ] # end coordIndex • } # end IndexedLineSet • } # end Separator • } # end WWWAnchor CSE 581 Internet Technology

  8. Publisher Viewer F M Data R Image Parameters Thin Client • Computational workload is performed by server • Limited Viewer control (interaction) • Entire visualization image retransmitted CSE 581 Internet Technology

  9. Client Rendering Publisher Viewer • 3D model created by Publisher • Exploration of geometry available to Viewer without involving Publisher F M Data R Image Parameters CSE 581 Internet Technology

  10. Fat Client Publisher Viewer • Computational workload is performed by Viewer • Full freedom to explore data • Statistical Analysis also available • Viewer must have suitable visualization resources • No standard (different visualization packages use different data models) F M Data R Image Parameters CSE 581 Internet Technology

  11. Client Mapping Control Publisher Viewer • Publisher provides processing power • Viewer controls visualization process • Solution implemented by Visualization Over the WWW • Visualization Framework resides with publisher • MVE driven by standard web browser requests (e.g., HTML form) F M Data R Image Mapping Control CSE 581 Internet Technology

  12. Implementation of Client Mapping Pipeline(University of Leeds) • Visualization framework resides with the publisher • Visualization driven by Web browser (i.e., HTML form with CGI scripts) • Abstract 3D model returned as VRML • Data provided by National Atmospheric Emission Inventory • Air pollutant levels at a number of UK sites CSE 581 Internet Technology

  13. National Environmental Technology Center • Data compiled and provided to the public as raw data and processed graphs (GIF format) National Environmental Technology Center CSE 581 Internet Technology

  14. 3D Visualization Histogram View of Ozone from 3 sites in London CSE 581 Internet Technology

  15. 3D Visualization Surface View of Ozone from 3 sites in London CSE 581 Internet Technology

  16. Visualization over the Internet(University of Leeds) Web offers great opportunities for collaboration • Several viewers could collaborate on the study of the data • Several viewers could distribute their analysis (posting their visualizations as VRML) • Viewers could provide feedback to the publisher CSE 581 Internet Technology

  17. Visualization Concepts (Vienna University) • Quality of Visualization • Appearance and Accuracy • Importance of Information • Under time constraints, subset of information can be selected according to relevance • Reduction of Accuracy • Ability to provide a preview with less strict requirements on accuracy • Successive Growth • Successive growth approach may be used to incorporate results of reduced accuracy representations • Levels of Complexity • Different visualization techniques (algorithms) can be chosen depending on requirements • Graceful Degradation • Ability to render reduced complexity views during viewer interaction CSE 581 Internet Technology

  18. Publisher Viewer F M Data R Image Net Phase Plan (Vienna University) • Internet based visualization tool for dynamic systems • Allows for investigation of multi-dimensional data sets by shifting workload between Publisher and Viewer dynamically (Java based) CSE 581 Internet Technology

  19. VisManager(Vienna University) • VisManager instance monitors the amount of computation being performed (informed of start and completion of pipeline stages) • Stages located at the server • tS = tScalc + tt • Time to transfer data over the network • tN = tNtrans + tt • Time for processing remaining stages at client • tC = tCcalc + tt • Transmission time • Tt = tprepare + toverhead + tlatency + tpostprocessing CSE 581 Internet Technology

  20. VisManager cont…(Vienna University) • A combination of tS, tN, and tC is then determined • VisManager has the ability to alter the quality of the stages of the pipeline • VisManager has the ability to shift stages to and from the Client Net Phase Plan Current Development CSE 581 Internet Technology

  21. Visualizing the Global Topology of the MBone • Multicast backbone used to distribute data from one sender to multiple receivers with minimal packet duplication • Provides virtual logical links between multi-cast capable routers that cross over non-multicast capable infrastructure (i.e., “tunnel”) • Flexibility resulted in redundant and inefficiently dispersed tunnels where several copies of the same multicast traffic sometimes travel over the same unicast physical link CSE 581 Internet Technology

  22. Mbone Topology • Tunnel placement should match the structure of the existing unicast Internet topology whenever possible, and only traverse non-multicast capable infrastructure long enough to get to the nearest available multicast capable subnet. • Multicast routing protocol determines the shortest path in its spanning tree based on the tunnel hop count rather than the underlying unicast hop count CSE 581 Internet Technology

  23. Mbone Data Collection • mwatch program used to build a list of the IP addresses of multicast routers at tunnel endpoints • Geographic determination manually determined and maintained • Router administrators compliance is optional CSE 581 Internet Technology

  24. Visualization Qualities (figs) • VRML used to distribute 3D mappings • Arc Height reflects the physical distance between tunnel endpoints (CAtoMoscow) • Without height differences, display became cluttered • Assumption that the logical unicast topology was closely related to the physical geography • 3D Navigation (Horizon View) • Ability to Zoom, rotate, translate, alter the point of projection (i.e., camera angle) • Thresholding (Threshold) • Reduce visual clutter • Focus on endpoints CSE 581 Internet Technology

  25. Results • Areas of fewer network resources and limited numbers of redundant links seem to have more efficient tunnel placements. • US-Topology • Europe-Topology • Redundancy also created by privatization of the internet • (Mbone Tunnels) • Resource identification • Texas-Feb • Texas-June CSE 581 Internet Technology

  26. If we have time… • Pretty Globe • Looking Congested • California • ISP CSE 581 Internet Technology

  27. Summary • Visualization techniques can help to understand large and/or complex data sets • Stages of the Visualization Pipeline can be distributed to provide better flexibility and performance. • Lots of research and development in this area. CSE 581 Internet Technology

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