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DNA

DNA. DNA →RNA→Protein. Nucleotides. Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) Each nucleotide has: A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a phosphate Nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine. Double Helix.

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DNA

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  1. DNA DNA→RNA→Protein

  2. Nucleotides • Nucleotides are the pieces of DNA (monomer) • Each nucleotide has: • A backbone of a 5 Carbon Sugar (Deoxyribose) and a phosphate • Nitrogen bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

  3. Double Helix • These nucleotides come together by base pairing with the nitrogen bases • Adenine to Thymine with a hydrogen bond • Guanine to Cytosine with a hydrogen bond

  4. DNA’s Function • Holds the genetic information of the organism, that allows the Ribosomes to make protein specifically for that organism. • ½ from mom, ½ from dad.

  5. What about mRNA? • RNA is a disposable copy of DNA used to make proteins • Why is it called RNA and not DNA? It has a different sugar called Ribose instead of Deoxyribose

  6. Differences in DNA & mRNA • 1- sugar is ribose not deoxyribose • 2- RNA is single-stranded • 3- RNA has a nitrogen base of Uracil not Thymine. • What would Uracil bond to then?

  7. So What? • Why do we care about base pairs? • Well, for every 3 bases it codes for a certain protein to be made.

  8. Mutations • http://io9.com/10-unusual-genetic-mutations-in-humans-470843733

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