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IRAP Concept

IRAP Concept. WATER. HEALTH. MARKETS. EDUCA- TION. ELECTRI- CITY. TRANS- PORT. FUEL WOOD. ROADS. Accessibility has three elements: 1. Location of the households 2. Location of the facilities and services 3. The transport system. Access can be improved by:

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IRAP Concept

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  1. IRAP Concept WATER HEALTH MARKETS EDUCA- TION ELECTRI- CITY TRANS- PORT FUEL WOOD ROADS

  2. Accessibility has three elements: 1. Location of the households 2. Location of the facilities and services 3. The transport system Access can be improved by: 1. Better siting of facilities and services (non-transport interventions) 2. Improving the mobility of the people (transport interventions)

  3. Mobility Rural Household Location of facility IRAP Location of service

  4. What does IRAP provide? • 1. it defines the priorities for different sector activities to improve accessibility of rural households: what should be done ? (improved road access, improved access to primary education, improved market access etc.); • 2. it defines the priority locations for particular project interventions: where should it be done ? (in village A or village C or between village D and E, etc.); • 3. it defines the most effective design for project interventions to ensure community participation and an effective use of local resources: how should it be done ? (using labour-based procedures or more equipment based procedures; levels of community participation, etc.).

  5. IRAP

  6. Country specific IRAP procedures have been developed in: • Vietnam, India (Orissa State), Nepal, Thailand, Lao P.D.R, Cambodia, Indonesia and the Philippines, Mongolia. • Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe • and more!

  7. IRAP • WB 2003 • Based on community priority • Clear articulation of access problems • Participatory review of alternative solutions e.g. siting of services v mobility • Design shared and endorsed by end users

  8. Problems • Tendency to move away from holistic approach to concentrate on specific sectors, e.g roads • Institutionalisation has been difficult • Use as monitor of area specific progress limited

  9. Success and Failures • Success, the Philippines - brought in as part of the decentralisation process through the MLG, led to actual implementation of access improvement projects. Now seen as the physical planning tool of choice. Cambodia, incorporated into the planning system of MRD • Failure – Laos, Indonesia. Promoted by the ILO but perceived as just another consultants tool. Was not linked to any investment

  10. Support factors for IRAP • Relate to investment however small • Promote as an integral part of local government planning • Emphasise the monitoring potential • Stress the integrated

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