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Welcome, students.

Welcome, students. Be prepared to spend the week in HELL!. Watch video game clip “Inferno”. In your daybook, write a detailed, thoughtful response to the following prompts: What people, places, and things do you associate with the words good and virtuous?

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Welcome, students.

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  1. Welcome, students. Be prepared to spend the week in HELL!

  2. Watch video game clip “Inferno”

  3. In your daybook, write a detailed, thoughtful response to the following prompts: What people, places, and things do you associate with the words good and virtuous? What people, places and things come to mind when you think about the words evil and immoral? What representations of good and evil have you seen in books, movies, and television? List at least three representations of good and three representations of evil. Then pick the best one from each category to discuss in class.

  4. There’s that shadow archetype again . . . Dante Alighieri, claims that before achieving moral redemption, an individual must take a hard look at evil both in the world and in himself. Only by confronting inner evil can people can achieve self-knowledge, which is the first step toward redemption. Dante also says that people should not be expected to make their journey alone; they need a guide to help them. For Dante’s own journey, as described in his book, he chose the poet Virgil to guide him through hell.

  5. Virgil (70 B.C-19 B.C), regarded as the greatest Roman poet, known for his epic, the Aeneid (written about 29 B.C.E), which had taken its literary model from Homer's epic poems Iliad and Odyssey. Virgil was born on October 15, 70 B.C.E., in a small village near Mantua in Northern Italy. Augustus Caesar pressed Virgil to write of the glory of Rome under his sway. Thus the remaining time of his life, from 30 to 19 B.C., Virgil devoted to the composition of The Aeneid, the national epic of Rome, to glory the Empire. Although ambitious, Virgil was never really happy about the task; it was like performing a religious and political duty.

  6. To tell his story, Dante (Alighieri, 1265-1321) adapted the rhythmic rhyme scheme of Dante used the melodic vowel word-endings of many Italian words in the rhyme scheme "terza rime," in which first and the third lines of each triplet end in the same sound. Terza Rima [tert-suhree-muh] • Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita A • mi ritrovai per una selva oscura, B • che la dirritta via era smarrita. A • Ahi quanto a dir qual era e cosa dura B • esta selva selvaggia e aspra e forte C • che nel pensier rinova la paura! B • Tant’ e amara che poco e piu morte; C • ma per trattar del ben ch’I’ vi trovai, D • diro de l’altre cose ch’I v v’ho scorte. C • Io non so ben ridir com’ I’ v’intrai, D • tant era pien di sonno a quell punto E • che la verace via abbandonai. D Rhyme scheme: aba, bcb, cdc, ded (When I had journeyed half of our life’s way, I found myself within a shadowed forest, for I had lost the path that does not stray. Ah, it is hard to speak of what it was, that savage forest, dense and difficult, which even in recall renews my fear: so bitter—death is hardly more severe! But to retell the good discovered there, I’ll also tell the other things I saw. I cannot clearly say how I had entered the wood; I was so full of sleep just at the point where I abandoned the truth path).

  7. Canto • principal divisions of a long poem. [Italian, from Latin cantus, song] •  It is divided into 3 sections: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. • Each one of these sections is divided into 33 cantos (except Inferno, which has 34 cantos), • which are written in tercets (groups of 3 lines). • The number 3 in Dante's time was significant because it was considered holy--since the Father (God), Son (Jesus), and Holy Ghost comprise the Trinity. 

  8. Take the test at http://www.4degreez.com/misc/dante-inferno-test.mv

  9. My level of Hell . . . • Sixth Level of Hell - The City of Dis • You approach Satan's wretched city where you behold a wide plain surrounded by iron walls. Before you are fields full of distress and torment terrible. Burning tombs are littered about the landscape. Inside these flaming sepulchers suffer the heretics, failing to believe in God and the afterlife, who make themselves audible by doleful sighs. You will join the wicked that lie here, and will be offered no respite. The three infernal Furies stained with blood, with limbs of women and hair of serpents, dwell in this circle of Hell. • Here is how you matched up against all the levels: • Level Who are sent there? Score • PurgatoryRepenting Believers Very Low • Level 1 – LimboVirtuous Non-Believers High • Level 2Lustful Moderate • Level 3Gluttonous High • Level 4Prodigal and Avaricious Very Low • Level 5Wrathful and Gloomy High • Level 6 - The City of DisHeretics Very High • Level 7Violent Moderate • Level 8- the MalebolgeFraudulent, Malicious, Panderers Moderate • Level 9 – CocytusTreacherous Low

  10. Dante’s Inferno An exciting journey through all the circles of Hell

  11. Abandon all hope, ye who enter here “Hell has enlarged its soul and opened its mouth without any limits.” - Isaiah 5:14

  12. Three Types of Sin (Dante Alighieri) • Incontinence (Level 1) • Lack of self control • Violence (Level 2) • Conscious violation of God’s will • Fraudulent and Traitorous (Level 3) • Using reason and intellect as a weapon

  13. VESTIBULE: Neutrals and Opportunists, indecisive, no real beliefs, those who don’t choose sides • CIRCLE #1—LIMBO: Virtuous Pagans and Unbaptized Babies • CIRCLE #2: Carnal and Lustful • CIRCLE #3: Gluttons • CIRCLE #4: Hoarders and Wasters CIRCLE #5: Wrathful and Sullen or Slothful

  14. The First Circle • Limbo • Virtuous pagans & unbaptized infants • Homer, Socrates and Plato • “Only so far afflicted that without hope” they “live in desire” (4.42)

  15. The Second Circle • The Lustful • Minos sits in judgment • Blown about forever by stormy winds just as, in life, they were blown about by the winds of passion

  16. Paolo and Francescalust and the false God of LoveCircle Two

  17. The Third Circle The Gluttons

  18. The Third Circle Guarded by Cerberus Wallow in mud and muck Besieged by hail & filthy water

  19. The Fourth Circle The avaricious and the prodigal Avaricious (greedy) Prodigal (wasteful) Useless Labor

  20. The Fifth Circle • The Wrathful, Sullen, or Slothful • Attacking one another

  21. City of Dis Boundary between upper and lower Hell.

  22. CIRCLE #6: Heretics • CIRCLE #7.1: Violence Against Neighbors CIRCLE #7.2: Violence Against Oneself (Forest of the Suicides) • CIRCLE #7.3.1: Violence Against God CIRCLE #7.3.2: Violence Against Nature (Homosexuals) • CIRCLE #7.3.3: Violence Against Art • MALABOLGIA

  23. Descent into lower Hell:Circle 6:Heresyatheists & Non-believersin the afterlife

  24. Circle 7:Violenceagainst God, his creations,and self

  25. ViolenceAgainstSelf Piero delle vigne

  26. Forest of the suicides

  27. The Sodomites violence against nature male homosexuality

  28. Violence Ugolino and Ruggieri

  29. Mmmm… (smack) (slurp) Deee-licious!

  30. The Malbolge • “Bad Pockets” • Entry to lowest levels of Hell – for those who use their God-given intellect to distort the truth: • Fraud • Treachery

  31. Circle 8: Fraud • CIRCLE #8.1: Pimps, Panderers, and Seducers • CIRCLE #8.2: Flatterers • CIRCLE #8.3: Simonists (Users of the Church) • CIRCLE #8.4: Fortunetellers and Soothsayers • CIRCLE #8.5: Grafters • CIRCLE #8.6: Hypocrites • CIRCLE #8.7: Thieves • CIRCLE #8.8: Evil Counselors and Deceivers • CIRCLE #8.9: Sowers of Discord/Scandal/Schism • CIRCLE #8.10: Falsifiers

  32. CIRCLE #8.1: Pimps, Panderers, and Seducers

  33. CIRCLE #8.2: Flatterers

  34. CIRCLE #8.3: The Simonists

  35. CIRCLE #8.4: Fortunetellers and Soothsayers

  36. CIRCLE #8.5: Grafters “the acquisition of gain (as money) in dishonest or questionable ways; also: illegal or unfair gain”

  37. CIRCLE #8.6: Hypocrites

  38. CIRCLE #8.7: Thieves

  39. CIRCLE #8.8: Evil Counselors and Deceivers

  40. CIRCLE #8.9: Sowers of Discord/Scandal/Schism

  41. CIRCLE #8.10:Falsifiers Ulysses

  42. traitors Cassius Brutus Judas

  43. CIRCLE #9.1 - CAINA: Treachery to Kindred • CIRCLE #9.2 - ANTENORA: Treachery to Country or Political Party • CIRCLE #9.3 - TOLOMEA: Treachery to Guests • CIRCLE #9.4 - JUDECCA: Treachery to Lords or Superiors • LOWEST LEVEL OF HELL: The worst of those who betrayed their benefactors ~Satan, Judas Iscariot, Brutus, and Cassius (Macbeth?)

  44. Stephen in a Hell of his own making

  45. Where do you fit in? • http://www.4degreez.com/misc/dante-inferno-test.mv • Take the test and find out…if you DARE

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