Invertebrates

1. Invertebrates Diversity of Animals Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Arthropoda Echinodermata

2. Diversity of Animals A. Origin of Animals B. Characteristics C. Classification

3. A. Origin of Animals 1. Animals are believed to have evolved from colonial protozoans called choanoflagellates

4. B. Characteristics • 1. Eukaryotic • 2. Multicellular • -specialization • 3. Heterotrophic • 4. Reproduce sexually and asexually • 5. Movement • -nervous tissue • -muscle tissue

5. C. Classification 1. Sponges (Porifera) 2. Stinging Celled (Cnidaria) 3. Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) 4. Roundworms (Nematoda) 5. Soft Bodied (Mollusca) 6. Segmented Worms (Annelida) 7. Jointed Leg (Arthropoda) 8. Spiny Skin (Echinodermata) 9. Vertebrates (Chordata)

6. Porifera A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

7. A. Diversity 1. There are 9,000 known species of sponges

8. B. Characteristics 1. Resemble a tube with one opening 2. Lack true tissue 3. Body consists of two layers of cells 4. Reproduce sexually (same individual) or by budding

9. C. Classification 1. There are 3 classes of porifera

10. D. Habitat 1. Adults are sessile- anchored to the ocean floor 2. Feed on filtered particles (bacteria)

11. B. Characteristics a. outer: protection b. inner: collar cells c. between: amoebocytes in jelly-like material 1. Resemble a tube with one opening 2. Lack true tissue 3. Body consists of two layers of cells

12. C. Classification a. calcarea- calcium carbonate b. demospongia- spongin fibers c. hexactinellida- calcium carbonate & silica 1. There are 3 classes of porifera

13. Cnidaria A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

14. A. Diversity 1. There are 9,000 known species of stinging celled animals

15. B. Characteristics 1. True tissues 2. Radial symmetry 3. Use tentacles with stinging cells to capture prey 4. Food is digested in a gastrovascular cavity 5. Nerve net allows for sensing

16. C. Classification 1. There are 3 classes of cnidarians a. hydrozoa- hydra b. scyphozoans- jellyfish c. anthozoans- sea anemones

17. D. Habitat 1. Most are slow moving or sessile 2. Found in tropical and temperate waters a. shallow ocean floors b. bottoms of ponds c. drifting in water currents

18. B. Characteristics 1. True tissues 2. Radial symmetry 3. Use tentacles with stinging cells to capture prey

19. Platyhelminthes A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

20. A. Diversity 1. There are 20,000 known species of flatworms

21. B. Characteristics 1. Three tissue layers 2. Bilateral symmetry 3. Food is digested in a gastrovascular cavity 4. Moves using cilia on ventral side a. muscles allow twisting and turning 5. Centralized nervous system a. eye spots detect light b. side flaps used for smell

22. B. Characteristics 1. Three tissue layers

23. B. Characteristics a. endoderm (digestive) b. mesoderm (muscle) c. ectoderm (skin) 1. Three tissue layers

24. B. Characteristics 1. Three tissue layers

25. B. Characteristics a. anterior (head) b. posterior (tail) c. dorsal (back) d. ventral (belly) 1. Three tissue layers

26. C. Classification 1. There are 3 classes of platyhelminthes a. turbellaria- planarians b. trematoda- flukes c. cestoidea- tapeworms

28. Nematoda A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

29. A. Diversity 1. There are 15,,000 known species of roundworms

31. B. Characteristics

32. C. Classification 1. There are 2 classes of nematoda a. secernentea- b. adenophorea-

33. Mollusca A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

34. A. Diversity 1. There are 150,000 known species of soft bodied animals

35. B. Characteristics • Muscular foot • Mantle • Visceral mass which contains most of the internal organs • Some have shell of calcium carbonate • Sessile(clams), slow moving (snails)or predators (squid) • Complete digestive tract. • Coelom • Feathery gills or lungs • Nephridia • Nervous system-simple to complex

36. C. Classification • Gastropoda- snails, slugs,nudibranch • Bivalvia-clams,oysters, scallops • Cephalopoda- cuttlefish, squid, nautilus, octopus

37. Annelida A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

38. A. Diversity 1. There are 15,000 known species of segmented worms

40. B. Characteristics • Segmentation • Coloem divided in compartments-allows for independent movement of segments • Setae • parapodia

41. Classes • Oligochaeta- earthworm • Polychaeta-bristle worm • Hirudinea-leech

42. Earthworm • Digestion-esophagus to crop to gizzard • Circulation-closed system with aortic arches. • Respiratory-diffusion • Excretion-nephridia • Nervous- ganglia • Rerpoduction-hermaphrodite • Clitellum

43. D. Habitat • Soil-oligochaeta • Freshwater-oligochaeta, hirudea • Marine-polychaeta • Moist vegetation-hirudea

44. Arthropoda A. Diversity B. Characteristics C. Classification D. Habitat

45. A. Diversity 1. There are 1,000,000 known species of jointed leg animals

46. B. Characteristics • Segmented • Appendages • Exoskeleton • Compound eyes • Antenna • Ventral nerve cord • Open circulatory system • Molting

47. C. Classification 1. Arthropods are classified into 4 classes a. crustaceans b. arachnids c. insects d. myriapods

48. 2. Crustaceans include decapods (lobsters, crabs, & shrimp) • 2 pr appendages on head • 2pr appendages/segment • Gills • Larva-nauplius • Tiny (copepods) to very large (Japanese spider crab) • Barnacles-sessile • isopods

49. 3. Arachnids • Spiders, mites, ticks • Cephalothorax • 6 pr jointed appendages • 1 pr chelicerae • 1 pr pedipalps • 4 pr walking legs

50. 4. Insects • Segmented body, jointed appendages, exoskeleton • Subphylum Uniramia • Head, thorax, abdomen • Mandibles & antennae • 3prs jointed legs • Some 1 or 2 pr wings