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Societies and Empires of Africa , 800–1500

CHAPTER. 15. QUIT. Societies and Empires of Africa , 800–1500. Chapter Overview. Time Line. North and Central African Societies. 1. SECTION. West African Empires and Civilizations. 2. SECTION. MAP. Eastern City-States and Southern Empires. 3. SECTION. GRAPH. Visual Summary.

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Societies and Empires of Africa , 800–1500

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  1. CHAPTER 15 QUIT Societies and Empires of Africa, 800–1500 Chapter Overview Time Line North and Central African Societies 1 SECTION West African Empires and Civilizations 2 SECTION MAP Eastern City-States and Southern Empires 3 SECTION GRAPH Visual Summary

  2. CHAPTER 15 Chapter Overview HOME Societies and Empires of Africa, 800–1500 Africans develop different types of societies, including hunting-gathering and stateless societies south of the Sahara and in Muslim states in North Africa. Other African peoples form powerful empires and states in West, East, and southern Africa, growing rich through trade with Muslim merchants, who spread Islam.

  3. CHAPTER 15 1500 800 HOME Societies and Empires of Africa, 800–1500 Time Line 800Empire of Ghana thrives on trade. 1076Muslim Almoravids conquer Ghana. 1235Sundiata founds Mali Empire. 1464Sunni Ali begins Songhai Empire. 1000Hausa city-states begin to emerge. 1100Ife established as a Yoruba kingdom. 1324Mali king Mansa Musa goes on hajj to Mecca.

  4. 1 HOME North and Central African Societies Key Idea South of the Sahara, African peoples form hunting-gathering societies and stateless societies. In North Africa groups of Muslim reformers form two successive Muslim states, the Almoravid and Almohad empires. Overview Assessment

  5. 1 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME North and Central African Societies Overview •lineage •stateless societies •patrilineal •matrilineal •Maghrib •Almoravids •Almohads WHY IT MATTERS NOW North and central Africa developed hunting-gathering societies, stateless societies, and Muslim states. Modern African nations often must find ways to include these various peoples and traditions in one society. Assessment

  6. 1 1 Section Assessment Stateless Societies HOME North and Central African Societies 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List characteristics of stateless societies. Lineages share power Elders negotiate conflict No centralized authority Age-set system continued . . .

  7. 1 HOME North and Central African Societies 1 Section Assessment 2. In what ways are hunting-gathering societies and stateless societies similar?THINK ABOUT •family structures •social structures •methods of handling conflict ANSWER • •Both are based on extended family systems. • Neither has a chief or centralized authority. • •Both try to talk out conflicts. Possible Responses: End of Section 1

  8. 2 HOME West African Empires and Civilizations MAP Key Idea In West Africa three empires—Ghana, Mali, and Songhai—thrive by controlling the trade of gold and salt. Muslim merchants and teachers bring Islam to West Africa. Other major states develop there, including the Hausa city-states, the Yoruba kingdoms of Ife and Oyo, and Benin. Overview Assessment

  9. 2 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME West African Empires and Civilizations MAP Overview •Ghana •Mali •Sundiata •Mansa Musa •Ibn Battuta •Songhai • Hausa •Yoruba •Benin WHY IT MATTERS NOW West Africa contained several powerful empires and states, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. These empires demonstrate the richness of African culture before European colonization. Assessment

  10. 2 2 Section Assessment Mali Songhai HOME West African Empires and Civilizations MAP 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Compare the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. Both Broke away from Mali; had war canoes, mobile horseback fighters, and strong centralized government Revived salt/gold trade, had strict judicial system, built mosques, visited by Ibn Battuta Controlled Timbuktu, had strong leaders, created Muslim empires, dominated trade continued . . .

  11. 2 HOME West African Empires and Civilizations MAP 2 Section Assessment 2.  Which of the two—the Yoruba people or the people of Benin—had more influence on the other? Explain. THINK ABOUT •when the kingdoms flourished •political traditions of each •artistic traditions of each ANSWER •The Yoruba people had more influence—their kingdoms flourished earlier. •Benin’s kings claimed descent from a Yoruba king. •Benin’s artists claimed to have learned from Yoruba artists. Possible Responses: continued . . .

  12. 2 HOME West African Empires and Civilizations MAP 2 Section Assessment 3.  What do you think was the most effective method Ghana used to regulate its economy? Explain.THINK ABOUT •trade routes •ownership of gold •taxes ANSWER •Controlling trade routes, because Ghana’s rulers could grow rich by taxing traders. •The law that only the king could own gold nuggets, because it kept inflation down. •Laws and practices ensuring fair trade and deterring bandits, because they helped trade thrive. Possible Responses: End of Section 2

  13. 3 HOME Eastern City-States and Southern Empires GRAPH Key Idea Cities on Africa’s east coast thrive on trade with Asia, using Swahili as a trade language. Muslim traders bring Islam to East Africa. The Shona states, Great Zimbabwe and Mutapa in southern Africa, control the gold trade from the interior to the east coast. Overview Assessment

  14. 3 TERMS & NAMES MAIN IDEA HOME Eastern City-States and Southern Empires GRAPH Overview •Swahili •Great Zimbabwe •Mutapa WHY IT MATTERS NOW From 1000 to 1500, East African city-states and southern African empires gained wealth and power through trade. The country of Zimbabwe and cities such as Mogadishu and Mombasa have their roots in this time period. Assessment

  15. 3 Cultural Group Cultural Group Bantu speakers Arabs Resulting Interaction Muslim traders East Africans Portuguese Mutapa Empire HOME Eastern City-States and Southern Empires GRAPH 3 Section Assessment 1. Explain three examples of cultural interaction brought about by trade on the coast of East Africa. Indicate whether the interaction had a positive or negative effect. Create Swahili; positive effect Bring Islam to East Africa; positive effect Portuguese interfere in Mutapa politics, influence ruler; negative effect

  16. 3 HOME Eastern City-States and Southern Empires GRAPH 3 Section Assessment 2. Compare the Portuguese who arrived in East Africa with the rulers of the Mutapa Empire. THINK ABOUT •how they treated other groups of people •what motivated their actions ANSWER •Both were conquerors. •Both were interested in dominating trade and acquiring wealth. •Both tried to force other groups to do what they wanted. Possible Responses: End of Section 3

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